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Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits

Breeding for climate-resilient, high-yielding, and nutrient-rich sorghum cultivars is essential for sustainable food systems and enhanced livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the genetic diversity among East African sorghum germplasm collections through agronom...

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Autores principales: Andiku, Charles, Shimelis, Hussein, Shayanowako, Admire I.T., Gangashetty, Prakash I., Manyasa, Eric
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218377/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35756124
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09690
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author Andiku, Charles
Shimelis, Hussein
Shayanowako, Admire I.T.
Gangashetty, Prakash I.
Manyasa, Eric
author_facet Andiku, Charles
Shimelis, Hussein
Shayanowako, Admire I.T.
Gangashetty, Prakash I.
Manyasa, Eric
author_sort Andiku, Charles
collection PubMed
description Breeding for climate-resilient, high-yielding, and nutrient-rich sorghum cultivars is essential for sustainable food systems and enhanced livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the genetic diversity among East African sorghum germplasm collections through agronomic and nutritional quality traits to select promising lines for direct production or breeding. A collection of 348 sorghum germplasm was field evaluated at two locations in Uganda using an augmented design, and grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) contents were profiled. Data were collected on 20 sorghum agro-morphological traits and Fe and Zn compositions. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) variation was detected amongst the test genotypes for all the assessed traits, suggesting the presence of sufficient genetic diversity for selection. High heritability (H(2) > 0.60) and genetic advance as percent of the mean (GA >20%) were computed for grain yield, Zn content, and selected agronomic traits, ensuring genetic gains through selection. A significant positive correlation was recorded between Fe and Zn concentrations (r = 0.32, P < 0.001), allowing simultaneous selection for the two nutrient compositions. Cluster analysis based on phenotypic traits resolved the test sorghum genotypes into four distinct genetic groups. Six genotypes with superior agronomic traits and high Fe and Zn contents were identified for production or potential parents for quality breeding. Overall, the current study found considerable genetic variation among East African sorghum germplasm collections for strategic conservation and breeding in Uganda or similar agro-ecologies.
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spelling pubmed-92183772022-06-24 Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits Andiku, Charles Shimelis, Hussein Shayanowako, Admire I.T. Gangashetty, Prakash I. Manyasa, Eric Heliyon Research Article Breeding for climate-resilient, high-yielding, and nutrient-rich sorghum cultivars is essential for sustainable food systems and enhanced livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the genetic diversity among East African sorghum germplasm collections through agronomic and nutritional quality traits to select promising lines for direct production or breeding. A collection of 348 sorghum germplasm was field evaluated at two locations in Uganda using an augmented design, and grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) contents were profiled. Data were collected on 20 sorghum agro-morphological traits and Fe and Zn compositions. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) variation was detected amongst the test genotypes for all the assessed traits, suggesting the presence of sufficient genetic diversity for selection. High heritability (H(2) > 0.60) and genetic advance as percent of the mean (GA >20%) were computed for grain yield, Zn content, and selected agronomic traits, ensuring genetic gains through selection. A significant positive correlation was recorded between Fe and Zn concentrations (r = 0.32, P < 0.001), allowing simultaneous selection for the two nutrient compositions. Cluster analysis based on phenotypic traits resolved the test sorghum genotypes into four distinct genetic groups. Six genotypes with superior agronomic traits and high Fe and Zn contents were identified for production or potential parents for quality breeding. Overall, the current study found considerable genetic variation among East African sorghum germplasm collections for strategic conservation and breeding in Uganda or similar agro-ecologies. Elsevier 2022-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9218377/ /pubmed/35756124 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09690 Text en © 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
Andiku, Charles
Shimelis, Hussein
Shayanowako, Admire I.T.
Gangashetty, Prakash I.
Manyasa, Eric
Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits
title Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits
title_full Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits
title_fullStr Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits
title_full_unstemmed Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits
title_short Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits
title_sort genetic diversity analysis of east african sorghum (sorghum bicolor [l.] moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218377/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35756124
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09690
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