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Multiple chemical modifications and Cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon
Sludge resource utilization is commonly realized through carbonization, but the use of direct carbonization to obtain sludge-based activated carbon (SAC) is not functional yet. The multiple chemical modifications were carried out to achieve N-doping and pore-making to modify SAC. The SAC(U–PF′) was...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society of Chemistry
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9219043/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35799929 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra03268f |
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author | Chen, Jun Dong, Xiaowan Cao, Sisi Chen, Zhaoming Yang, Xiaohong Jin, Jie |
author_facet | Chen, Jun Dong, Xiaowan Cao, Sisi Chen, Zhaoming Yang, Xiaohong Jin, Jie |
author_sort | Chen, Jun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sludge resource utilization is commonly realized through carbonization, but the use of direct carbonization to obtain sludge-based activated carbon (SAC) is not functional yet. The multiple chemical modifications were carried out to achieve N-doping and pore-making to modify SAC. The SAC(U–PF′) was synthesized by activating sludge simultaneously with uric acid and potassium ferrate. Moreover, SAC(N′), SAC(U), and SAC(PF′) were prepared with no additives, uric acid, and potassium ferrate, respectively. The results indicated that the different modifications affected the chemical properties and structure of SAC. The BET of SAC(U–PF′) was 56.73 m(2) g(−1), which was higher than that of SAC(N′) and SAC(PF′). SAC(U–PF′) possessed abundant functional groups, such as C[double bond, length as m-dash]N and C–O. The adsorption capacity of SAC(U–PF′) for Cd(2+) was 9.69 mg g(−1), 5.5 times that of SAC(N′), the adsorption process of Cd(2+) by SAC(U–PF′) fitted well for the second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The XPS and chemical analysis revealed that SAC(U–PF′) and Cd(2+) were bonded by functional groups, and the Cd(2+) removal by SAC(U–PF′) was through complexation, anion exchange, electrostatic attraction, and pore filling. The SAC(U–PF′) was exhibited different removal capacities for different metals, Pb(2+) and Mn(2+) correspond to adsorption capacities of 4.9 and 8.1 mg g(−1). In addition, the adsorbed SAC(U–PF′) can be regenerated by sodium hydroxide. The study highlights the importance of multiple chemical modifications performed on SAC, the double coupled chemical modifications to ensure its good performance in the treatment of heavy metals in wastewater treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9219043 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | The Royal Society of Chemistry |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92190432022-07-06 Multiple chemical modifications and Cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon Chen, Jun Dong, Xiaowan Cao, Sisi Chen, Zhaoming Yang, Xiaohong Jin, Jie RSC Adv Chemistry Sludge resource utilization is commonly realized through carbonization, but the use of direct carbonization to obtain sludge-based activated carbon (SAC) is not functional yet. The multiple chemical modifications were carried out to achieve N-doping and pore-making to modify SAC. The SAC(U–PF′) was synthesized by activating sludge simultaneously with uric acid and potassium ferrate. Moreover, SAC(N′), SAC(U), and SAC(PF′) were prepared with no additives, uric acid, and potassium ferrate, respectively. The results indicated that the different modifications affected the chemical properties and structure of SAC. The BET of SAC(U–PF′) was 56.73 m(2) g(−1), which was higher than that of SAC(N′) and SAC(PF′). SAC(U–PF′) possessed abundant functional groups, such as C[double bond, length as m-dash]N and C–O. The adsorption capacity of SAC(U–PF′) for Cd(2+) was 9.69 mg g(−1), 5.5 times that of SAC(N′), the adsorption process of Cd(2+) by SAC(U–PF′) fitted well for the second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The XPS and chemical analysis revealed that SAC(U–PF′) and Cd(2+) were bonded by functional groups, and the Cd(2+) removal by SAC(U–PF′) was through complexation, anion exchange, electrostatic attraction, and pore filling. The SAC(U–PF′) was exhibited different removal capacities for different metals, Pb(2+) and Mn(2+) correspond to adsorption capacities of 4.9 and 8.1 mg g(−1). In addition, the adsorbed SAC(U–PF′) can be regenerated by sodium hydroxide. The study highlights the importance of multiple chemical modifications performed on SAC, the double coupled chemical modifications to ensure its good performance in the treatment of heavy metals in wastewater treatment. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2022-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9219043/ /pubmed/35799929 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra03268f Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Chemistry Chen, Jun Dong, Xiaowan Cao, Sisi Chen, Zhaoming Yang, Xiaohong Jin, Jie Multiple chemical modifications and Cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon |
title | Multiple chemical modifications and Cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon |
title_full | Multiple chemical modifications and Cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon |
title_fullStr | Multiple chemical modifications and Cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon |
title_full_unstemmed | Multiple chemical modifications and Cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon |
title_short | Multiple chemical modifications and Cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon |
title_sort | multiple chemical modifications and cd(2+) adsorption characteristics of sludge-based activated carbon |
topic | Chemistry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9219043/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35799929 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra03268f |
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