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Carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from South African medicinal plants
BACKGROUND: Quercetin is one of the most important bioflavonoids having positive effects on the biological processes and human health. Typically, it is extracted from plant matrices using conventional methods such as maceration, sonication, infusion, and Soxhlet extraction with high solvent consumpt...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9219150/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35739596 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13007-022-00919-6 |
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author | Pilařová, Veronika Kuda, Lukáš Vlčková, Hana Kočová Nováková, Lucie Gupta, Shubhpriya Kulkarni, Manoj Švec, František Van Staden, Johannes Doležal, Karel |
author_facet | Pilařová, Veronika Kuda, Lukáš Vlčková, Hana Kočová Nováková, Lucie Gupta, Shubhpriya Kulkarni, Manoj Švec, František Van Staden, Johannes Doležal, Karel |
author_sort | Pilařová, Veronika |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Quercetin is one of the most important bioflavonoids having positive effects on the biological processes and human health. Typically, it is extracted from plant matrices using conventional methods such as maceration, sonication, infusion, and Soxhlet extraction with high solvent consumption. Our study aimed to optimize the environmentally friendly carbon dioxide-based method for the extraction of quercetin from quince fruit with an emphasis on extraction yield, repeatability, and short extraction time. RESULTS: A two-step design of experiments was used for the optimization of the key parameters affecting physicochemical properties, including CO(2)/co-solvent ratio, co-solvent type, temperature, and pressure. Finally, gas expanded liquid combining CO(2)/ethanol/H(2)O in a ratio of 10/81/9 (v/v/v) provided the best extraction yield. Extraction temperature 66 °C and pressure 22.3 MPa were the most suitable conditions after careful optimization, although both parameters did not significantly affect the process. It was confirmed by experiments in various pressure and temperature conditions and statistical comparison of obtained data. The optimized extraction procedure at a flow rate of 3 mL/min took 30 min. The repeatability of the extraction method exhibited an RSD of 20.8%. CONCLUSIONS: The optimized procedure enabled very fast extraction in 30 min using environmentally friendly solvents and it was successfully applied to 16 different plant samples, including 14 bulbs and 2 fruits from South Africa. The quercetin content in extracts was quantified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry. UHPLC hyphenated with high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to confirm chemical identity of quercetin in the analyzed samples. We quantified quercetin in 11 samples of all 16 tested plants. The quercetin was found in Agapanthus praecox from the Amaryllidaceae family and its presence in this specie was reported for the first time. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13007-022-00919-6. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9219150 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92191502022-06-24 Carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from South African medicinal plants Pilařová, Veronika Kuda, Lukáš Vlčková, Hana Kočová Nováková, Lucie Gupta, Shubhpriya Kulkarni, Manoj Švec, František Van Staden, Johannes Doležal, Karel Plant Methods Methodology BACKGROUND: Quercetin is one of the most important bioflavonoids having positive effects on the biological processes and human health. Typically, it is extracted from plant matrices using conventional methods such as maceration, sonication, infusion, and Soxhlet extraction with high solvent consumption. Our study aimed to optimize the environmentally friendly carbon dioxide-based method for the extraction of quercetin from quince fruit with an emphasis on extraction yield, repeatability, and short extraction time. RESULTS: A two-step design of experiments was used for the optimization of the key parameters affecting physicochemical properties, including CO(2)/co-solvent ratio, co-solvent type, temperature, and pressure. Finally, gas expanded liquid combining CO(2)/ethanol/H(2)O in a ratio of 10/81/9 (v/v/v) provided the best extraction yield. Extraction temperature 66 °C and pressure 22.3 MPa were the most suitable conditions after careful optimization, although both parameters did not significantly affect the process. It was confirmed by experiments in various pressure and temperature conditions and statistical comparison of obtained data. The optimized extraction procedure at a flow rate of 3 mL/min took 30 min. The repeatability of the extraction method exhibited an RSD of 20.8%. CONCLUSIONS: The optimized procedure enabled very fast extraction in 30 min using environmentally friendly solvents and it was successfully applied to 16 different plant samples, including 14 bulbs and 2 fruits from South Africa. The quercetin content in extracts was quantified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry. UHPLC hyphenated with high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to confirm chemical identity of quercetin in the analyzed samples. We quantified quercetin in 11 samples of all 16 tested plants. The quercetin was found in Agapanthus praecox from the Amaryllidaceae family and its presence in this specie was reported for the first time. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13007-022-00919-6. BioMed Central 2022-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9219150/ /pubmed/35739596 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13007-022-00919-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Methodology Pilařová, Veronika Kuda, Lukáš Vlčková, Hana Kočová Nováková, Lucie Gupta, Shubhpriya Kulkarni, Manoj Švec, František Van Staden, Johannes Doležal, Karel Carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from South African medicinal plants |
title | Carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from South African medicinal plants |
title_full | Carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from South African medicinal plants |
title_fullStr | Carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from South African medicinal plants |
title_full_unstemmed | Carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from South African medicinal plants |
title_short | Carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from South African medicinal plants |
title_sort | carbon dioxide expanded liquid: an effective solvent for the extraction of quercetin from south african medicinal plants |
topic | Methodology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9219150/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35739596 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13007-022-00919-6 |
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