Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Prevention of Sparganosis in Asia

SIMPLE SUMMARY: This study provides information on the life cycle, clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, and molecular diagnosis and describes the geographical distribution and infection characteristics of Spirometra in the host, which are of considerable significance to preventing Spirometra parasites. ABSTRACT: Sparganosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larvae (spargana) of the genus Spirometra, which is widely distributed globally and threatens human health. More than 60 species of Spirometra have already been identified, and over 2000 cases have been reported. This review summarizes the prevalence of humans, frogs, snakes, and other animals with spargana. Furthermore, the infection mode, distribution, and site are summarized and analyzed. We also describe the epidemiology, molecular diagnosis, and other aspects which are of considerable significance to preventing sparganum.