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Antioxidant Therapy in Cancer: Rationale and Progress

Cancer is characterized by increased oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. Enhanced ROS accumulation, as a result of metabolic disturbances and signaling aberrations, can promote carcinogenesis and malignant progression by inducing gene mutations and...

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Autores principales: Luo, Maochao, Zhou, Li, Huang, Zhao, Li, Bowen, Nice, Edouard C., Xu, Jia, Huang, Canhua
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9220137/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35740025
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11061128
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author Luo, Maochao
Zhou, Li
Huang, Zhao
Li, Bowen
Nice, Edouard C.
Xu, Jia
Huang, Canhua
author_facet Luo, Maochao
Zhou, Li
Huang, Zhao
Li, Bowen
Nice, Edouard C.
Xu, Jia
Huang, Canhua
author_sort Luo, Maochao
collection PubMed
description Cancer is characterized by increased oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. Enhanced ROS accumulation, as a result of metabolic disturbances and signaling aberrations, can promote carcinogenesis and malignant progression by inducing gene mutations and activating pro-oncogenic signaling, providing a possible rationale for targeting oxidative stress in cancer treatment. While numerous antioxidants have demonstrated therapeutic potential, their clinical efficacy in cancer remains unproven. Here, we review the rationale for, and recent advances in, pre-clinical and clinical research on antioxidant therapy in cancer, including targeting ROS with nonenzymatic antioxidants, such as NRF2 activators, vitamins, N-acetylcysteine and GSH esters, or targeting ROS with enzymatic antioxidants, such as NOX inhibitors and SOD mimics. In addition, we will offer insights into prospective therapeutic options for improving the effectiveness of antioxidant therapy, which may expand its applications in clinical cancer treatment.
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spelling pubmed-92201372022-06-24 Antioxidant Therapy in Cancer: Rationale and Progress Luo, Maochao Zhou, Li Huang, Zhao Li, Bowen Nice, Edouard C. Xu, Jia Huang, Canhua Antioxidants (Basel) Review Cancer is characterized by increased oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. Enhanced ROS accumulation, as a result of metabolic disturbances and signaling aberrations, can promote carcinogenesis and malignant progression by inducing gene mutations and activating pro-oncogenic signaling, providing a possible rationale for targeting oxidative stress in cancer treatment. While numerous antioxidants have demonstrated therapeutic potential, their clinical efficacy in cancer remains unproven. Here, we review the rationale for, and recent advances in, pre-clinical and clinical research on antioxidant therapy in cancer, including targeting ROS with nonenzymatic antioxidants, such as NRF2 activators, vitamins, N-acetylcysteine and GSH esters, or targeting ROS with enzymatic antioxidants, such as NOX inhibitors and SOD mimics. In addition, we will offer insights into prospective therapeutic options for improving the effectiveness of antioxidant therapy, which may expand its applications in clinical cancer treatment. MDPI 2022-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9220137/ /pubmed/35740025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11061128 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Luo, Maochao
Zhou, Li
Huang, Zhao
Li, Bowen
Nice, Edouard C.
Xu, Jia
Huang, Canhua
Antioxidant Therapy in Cancer: Rationale and Progress
title Antioxidant Therapy in Cancer: Rationale and Progress
title_full Antioxidant Therapy in Cancer: Rationale and Progress
title_fullStr Antioxidant Therapy in Cancer: Rationale and Progress
title_full_unstemmed Antioxidant Therapy in Cancer: Rationale and Progress
title_short Antioxidant Therapy in Cancer: Rationale and Progress
title_sort antioxidant therapy in cancer: rationale and progress
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9220137/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35740025
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11061128
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