Cargando…

Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives

Background: Recent evidence suggests that a higher body weight may be linked to cognitive impairment in different domains involving executive/frontal functioning. However, challenging results are also available. Accordingly, our study was designed to verify whether (i) poor executive functions are r...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: La Marra, Marco, Villano, Ines, Ilardi, Ciro Rosario, Carosella, Mario, Staiano, Maria, Iavarone, Alessandro, Chieffi, Sergio, Messina, Giovanni, Polito, Rita, Porro, Chiara, Scarinci, Alessia, Monda, Vincenzo, Carotenuto, Marco, Di Maio, Girolamo, Messina, Antonietta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9220982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35741662
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060777
_version_ 1784732508795961344
author La Marra, Marco
Villano, Ines
Ilardi, Ciro Rosario
Carosella, Mario
Staiano, Maria
Iavarone, Alessandro
Chieffi, Sergio
Messina, Giovanni
Polito, Rita
Porro, Chiara
Scarinci, Alessia
Monda, Vincenzo
Carotenuto, Marco
Di Maio, Girolamo
Messina, Antonietta
author_facet La Marra, Marco
Villano, Ines
Ilardi, Ciro Rosario
Carosella, Mario
Staiano, Maria
Iavarone, Alessandro
Chieffi, Sergio
Messina, Giovanni
Polito, Rita
Porro, Chiara
Scarinci, Alessia
Monda, Vincenzo
Carotenuto, Marco
Di Maio, Girolamo
Messina, Antonietta
author_sort La Marra, Marco
collection PubMed
description Background: Recent evidence suggests that a higher body weight may be linked to cognitive impairment in different domains involving executive/frontal functioning. However, challenging results are also available. Accordingly, our study was designed to verify whether (i) poor executive functions are related to a higher body weight and (ii) executive functioning could contribute to weight loss in treatment-seeking overweight and obese patients. Methods: We examined general executive functioning, inhibitory control, verbal fluency, and psychomotor speed in a sample including 104 overweight and obese patients. Forty-eight normal-weight subjects participated in the study as controls. Results: Univariate Analysis of Variance showed that obese patients obtained lower scores than overweight and normal-weight subjects in all executive measures, except for errors in the Stroop test. However, when sociodemographic variables entered the model as covariates, no between-group difference was detected. Furthermore, an adjusted multiple linear regression model highlighted no relationship between weight loss and executive scores at baseline. Conclusions: Our results provide further evidence for the lack of association between obesity and the executive domains investigated. Conflicting findings from previous literature may likely be due to the unchecked confounding effects exerted by sociodemographic variables and inclusion/exclusion criteria.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9220982
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-92209822022-06-24 Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives La Marra, Marco Villano, Ines Ilardi, Ciro Rosario Carosella, Mario Staiano, Maria Iavarone, Alessandro Chieffi, Sergio Messina, Giovanni Polito, Rita Porro, Chiara Scarinci, Alessia Monda, Vincenzo Carotenuto, Marco Di Maio, Girolamo Messina, Antonietta Brain Sci Article Background: Recent evidence suggests that a higher body weight may be linked to cognitive impairment in different domains involving executive/frontal functioning. However, challenging results are also available. Accordingly, our study was designed to verify whether (i) poor executive functions are related to a higher body weight and (ii) executive functioning could contribute to weight loss in treatment-seeking overweight and obese patients. Methods: We examined general executive functioning, inhibitory control, verbal fluency, and psychomotor speed in a sample including 104 overweight and obese patients. Forty-eight normal-weight subjects participated in the study as controls. Results: Univariate Analysis of Variance showed that obese patients obtained lower scores than overweight and normal-weight subjects in all executive measures, except for errors in the Stroop test. However, when sociodemographic variables entered the model as covariates, no between-group difference was detected. Furthermore, an adjusted multiple linear regression model highlighted no relationship between weight loss and executive scores at baseline. Conclusions: Our results provide further evidence for the lack of association between obesity and the executive domains investigated. Conflicting findings from previous literature may likely be due to the unchecked confounding effects exerted by sociodemographic variables and inclusion/exclusion criteria. MDPI 2022-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9220982/ /pubmed/35741662 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060777 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
La Marra, Marco
Villano, Ines
Ilardi, Ciro Rosario
Carosella, Mario
Staiano, Maria
Iavarone, Alessandro
Chieffi, Sergio
Messina, Giovanni
Polito, Rita
Porro, Chiara
Scarinci, Alessia
Monda, Vincenzo
Carotenuto, Marco
Di Maio, Girolamo
Messina, Antonietta
Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives
title Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives
title_full Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives
title_fullStr Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives
title_short Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives
title_sort executive functions in overweight and obese treatment-seeking patients: cross-sectional data and longitudinal perspectives
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9220982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35741662
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060777
work_keys_str_mv AT lamarramarco executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT villanoines executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT ilardicirorosario executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT carosellamario executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT staianomaria executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT iavaronealessandro executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT chieffisergio executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT messinagiovanni executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT politorita executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT porrochiara executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT scarincialessia executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT mondavincenzo executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT carotenutomarco executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT dimaiogirolamo executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives
AT messinaantonietta executivefunctionsinoverweightandobesetreatmentseekingpatientscrosssectionaldataandlongitudinalperspectives