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Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry
Ionogels are solid polymer gel networks loaded with ionic liquid (IL) percolating throughout each other, giving rise to ionically conducting solid electrolytes. They combine the mechanical properties of polymer networks with the ionic conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability of ILs. In the...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9222776/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35735725 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8060381 |
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author | Li, Fengdi Nguyen, Giao T. M. Vancaeyzeele, Cédric Vidal, Frédéric Plesse, Cédric |
author_facet | Li, Fengdi Nguyen, Giao T. M. Vancaeyzeele, Cédric Vidal, Frédéric Plesse, Cédric |
author_sort | Li, Fengdi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ionogels are solid polymer gel networks loaded with ionic liquid (IL) percolating throughout each other, giving rise to ionically conducting solid electrolytes. They combine the mechanical properties of polymer networks with the ionic conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability of ILs. In the frame of their applications in electrochemical-based flexible electronics, ionogels are usually subjected to repeated deformation, making them susceptible to damage. It appears critical to devise a simple and effective strategy to improve their durability and lifespan by imparting them with healing ability through vitrimer chemistry. In this work, we report the original in situ synthesis of polythioether (PTE)-based vitrimer ionogels using fast photopolymerization through thiol-acrylate Michael addition. PTE-based vitrimer was prepared with a constant amount of the trithiol crosslinker and varied proportions of static dithiol spacers and dynamic chain extender BDB containing dynamic exchangeable boronic ester groups. The dynamic ionogels were prepared using 50 wt% of either 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide or 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, both of which were selected for their high ionic conductivity. They are completely amorphous (T(g) below −30 °C), suggesting they can be used at low temperatures. They are stretchable with an elongation at break around 60%, soft with Young’s modulus between 0.4 and 0.6 MPa, and they have high ionic conductivities for solid state electrolytes in the order of 10(−4) S·cm(−1) at room temperature. They display dynamic properties typical of the vitrimer network, such as stress relaxation and healing, retained despite the large quantity of IL. The design concept illustrated in this work further enlarges the library of vitrimer ionogels and could potentially open a new path for the development of more sustainable, flexible electrochemical-based electronics with extended service life through repair or reprocessing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9222776 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92227762022-06-24 Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry Li, Fengdi Nguyen, Giao T. M. Vancaeyzeele, Cédric Vidal, Frédéric Plesse, Cédric Gels Article Ionogels are solid polymer gel networks loaded with ionic liquid (IL) percolating throughout each other, giving rise to ionically conducting solid electrolytes. They combine the mechanical properties of polymer networks with the ionic conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability of ILs. In the frame of their applications in electrochemical-based flexible electronics, ionogels are usually subjected to repeated deformation, making them susceptible to damage. It appears critical to devise a simple and effective strategy to improve their durability and lifespan by imparting them with healing ability through vitrimer chemistry. In this work, we report the original in situ synthesis of polythioether (PTE)-based vitrimer ionogels using fast photopolymerization through thiol-acrylate Michael addition. PTE-based vitrimer was prepared with a constant amount of the trithiol crosslinker and varied proportions of static dithiol spacers and dynamic chain extender BDB containing dynamic exchangeable boronic ester groups. The dynamic ionogels were prepared using 50 wt% of either 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide or 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, both of which were selected for their high ionic conductivity. They are completely amorphous (T(g) below −30 °C), suggesting they can be used at low temperatures. They are stretchable with an elongation at break around 60%, soft with Young’s modulus between 0.4 and 0.6 MPa, and they have high ionic conductivities for solid state electrolytes in the order of 10(−4) S·cm(−1) at room temperature. They display dynamic properties typical of the vitrimer network, such as stress relaxation and healing, retained despite the large quantity of IL. The design concept illustrated in this work further enlarges the library of vitrimer ionogels and could potentially open a new path for the development of more sustainable, flexible electrochemical-based electronics with extended service life through repair or reprocessing. MDPI 2022-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9222776/ /pubmed/35735725 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8060381 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Fengdi Nguyen, Giao T. M. Vancaeyzeele, Cédric Vidal, Frédéric Plesse, Cédric Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry |
title | Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry |
title_full | Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry |
title_fullStr | Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry |
title_full_unstemmed | Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry |
title_short | Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry |
title_sort | photopolymerizable ionogel with healable properties based on dioxaborolane vitrimer chemistry |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9222776/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35735725 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8060381 |
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