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Watercore Pear Fruit Respiration Changed and Accumulated γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Response to Inner Hypoxia Stress

Watercore is a physiological disorder which often occurs on the pear fruit and the excessive accumulation of sorbitol in fruit intercellular space is considered to be an important cause of watercore. Our previous studies found that the metabolic disorder of sugars may lead to hypoxia stress and dist...

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Autores principales: Liu, Xiao, Liu, Dong-He, Chen, Tao, Zhang, Jing, Wang, Chun-Lei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9222961/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35741739
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13060977
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author Liu, Xiao
Liu, Dong-He
Chen, Tao
Zhang, Jing
Wang, Chun-Lei
author_facet Liu, Xiao
Liu, Dong-He
Chen, Tao
Zhang, Jing
Wang, Chun-Lei
author_sort Liu, Xiao
collection PubMed
description Watercore is a physiological disorder which often occurs on the pear fruit and the excessive accumulation of sorbitol in fruit intercellular space is considered to be an important cause of watercore. Our previous studies found that the metabolic disorder of sugars may lead to hypoxia stress and disturb respiration, resulting in aggravated fruit rot and the formation of bitter substances. However, the further changes of respiration and the fruit response mechanism are not well understood. A comprehensive transcriptome analysis of ‘Akibae’ pear watercore fruit was performed in this study. The transcriptome results revealed the hypoxia stress significantly induced the expression of several key enzymes in the TCA cycle and may lead to the accumulation of succinic acid in watercore fruit. The glycolytic pathway was also significantly enhanced in watercore fruit. Moreover, the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis related genes, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) genes and polyamine oxidase (PAO) genes, which associated with the GABA shunt and the polyamine degradation pathway were significantly upregulated. In addition, the PpGAD1 transcript level increased significantly along with the increase of GAD activity and GABA content in the watercore fruit. Above all, these findings suggested that the hypoxic response was marked by a significant increase of the hypoxia-inducible metabolites succinic acid and GABA and that PpGAD1 may play a key role in response to watercore by controlling the GABA synthesis.
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spelling pubmed-92229612022-06-24 Watercore Pear Fruit Respiration Changed and Accumulated γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Response to Inner Hypoxia Stress Liu, Xiao Liu, Dong-He Chen, Tao Zhang, Jing Wang, Chun-Lei Genes (Basel) Article Watercore is a physiological disorder which often occurs on the pear fruit and the excessive accumulation of sorbitol in fruit intercellular space is considered to be an important cause of watercore. Our previous studies found that the metabolic disorder of sugars may lead to hypoxia stress and disturb respiration, resulting in aggravated fruit rot and the formation of bitter substances. However, the further changes of respiration and the fruit response mechanism are not well understood. A comprehensive transcriptome analysis of ‘Akibae’ pear watercore fruit was performed in this study. The transcriptome results revealed the hypoxia stress significantly induced the expression of several key enzymes in the TCA cycle and may lead to the accumulation of succinic acid in watercore fruit. The glycolytic pathway was also significantly enhanced in watercore fruit. Moreover, the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis related genes, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) genes and polyamine oxidase (PAO) genes, which associated with the GABA shunt and the polyamine degradation pathway were significantly upregulated. In addition, the PpGAD1 transcript level increased significantly along with the increase of GAD activity and GABA content in the watercore fruit. Above all, these findings suggested that the hypoxic response was marked by a significant increase of the hypoxia-inducible metabolites succinic acid and GABA and that PpGAD1 may play a key role in response to watercore by controlling the GABA synthesis. MDPI 2022-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9222961/ /pubmed/35741739 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13060977 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Liu, Xiao
Liu, Dong-He
Chen, Tao
Zhang, Jing
Wang, Chun-Lei
Watercore Pear Fruit Respiration Changed and Accumulated γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Response to Inner Hypoxia Stress
title Watercore Pear Fruit Respiration Changed and Accumulated γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Response to Inner Hypoxia Stress
title_full Watercore Pear Fruit Respiration Changed and Accumulated γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Response to Inner Hypoxia Stress
title_fullStr Watercore Pear Fruit Respiration Changed and Accumulated γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Response to Inner Hypoxia Stress
title_full_unstemmed Watercore Pear Fruit Respiration Changed and Accumulated γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Response to Inner Hypoxia Stress
title_short Watercore Pear Fruit Respiration Changed and Accumulated γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Response to Inner Hypoxia Stress
title_sort watercore pear fruit respiration changed and accumulated γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) in response to inner hypoxia stress
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9222961/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35741739
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13060977
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