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HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review
This scoping review aims to explore the interplay between substance use (SU) and HIV in Latin America (LA). Database searches yielded 3481 references; 196 were included. HIV prevalence among people who used substances (PWUS) ranged from 2.8–15.2%. SU definitions were variable throughout studies, and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9222977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35742448 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127198 |
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author | Huff, Hanalise V. Carcamo, Paloma M. Diaz, Monica M. Conklin, Jamie L. Salvatierra, Justina Aponte, Rocio Garcia, Patricia J. |
author_facet | Huff, Hanalise V. Carcamo, Paloma M. Diaz, Monica M. Conklin, Jamie L. Salvatierra, Justina Aponte, Rocio Garcia, Patricia J. |
author_sort | Huff, Hanalise V. |
collection | PubMed |
description | This scoping review aims to explore the interplay between substance use (SU) and HIV in Latin America (LA). Database searches yielded 3481 references; 196 were included. HIV prevalence among people who used substances (PWUS) ranged from 2.8–15.2%. SU definitions were variable throughout studies, and thus data were not easily comparable. In 2019, only 2% of new HIV infections were attributed to injection drug use (IDU) in LA. Factors associated with HIV among PWUS included being female, IDU and homelessness, and PWUS were likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors, start antiretroviral treatment late, have poor adherence, have treatment failure, be lost to follow-up, have comorbidities, and experience higher mortality rates and lower quality of life, as has been reported in PLWH with SU in other regions. Five intervention studies were identified, and only one was effective at reducing HIV incidence in PWUS. Interventions in other regions have varying success depending on context-specific characteristics, highlighting the need to conduct more research in the LA region. Though progress has been made in establishing SU as a major concern in people living with HIV (PLWH), much more is yet to be done to reduce the burden of HIV and SU in LA. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9222977 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92229772022-06-24 HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review Huff, Hanalise V. Carcamo, Paloma M. Diaz, Monica M. Conklin, Jamie L. Salvatierra, Justina Aponte, Rocio Garcia, Patricia J. Int J Environ Res Public Health Review This scoping review aims to explore the interplay between substance use (SU) and HIV in Latin America (LA). Database searches yielded 3481 references; 196 were included. HIV prevalence among people who used substances (PWUS) ranged from 2.8–15.2%. SU definitions were variable throughout studies, and thus data were not easily comparable. In 2019, only 2% of new HIV infections were attributed to injection drug use (IDU) in LA. Factors associated with HIV among PWUS included being female, IDU and homelessness, and PWUS were likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors, start antiretroviral treatment late, have poor adherence, have treatment failure, be lost to follow-up, have comorbidities, and experience higher mortality rates and lower quality of life, as has been reported in PLWH with SU in other regions. Five intervention studies were identified, and only one was effective at reducing HIV incidence in PWUS. Interventions in other regions have varying success depending on context-specific characteristics, highlighting the need to conduct more research in the LA region. Though progress has been made in establishing SU as a major concern in people living with HIV (PLWH), much more is yet to be done to reduce the burden of HIV and SU in LA. MDPI 2022-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9222977/ /pubmed/35742448 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127198 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Huff, Hanalise V. Carcamo, Paloma M. Diaz, Monica M. Conklin, Jamie L. Salvatierra, Justina Aponte, Rocio Garcia, Patricia J. HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review |
title | HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review |
title_full | HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review |
title_fullStr | HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review |
title_full_unstemmed | HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review |
title_short | HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review |
title_sort | hiv and substance use in latin america: a scoping review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9222977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35742448 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127198 |
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