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Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China
In this study, the occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk of 40 commonly used antibiotics, including 15 sulfonamides (SAs), 9 fluoroquinolones (FQs), 7 macrolides (MCs), 3 tetracyclines (TCs), 2 chloramphenicols (CAPs), and 4 other categories, in the aquatic environment of the karst plateau w...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9223651/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35742459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127211 |
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author | Guo, Feng Wang, Yanan Peng, Jie Huang, Hetian Tu, Xiangting Zhao, Hu Zhan, Nan Rao, Zhu Zhao, Gaofeng Yang, Hongbo |
author_facet | Guo, Feng Wang, Yanan Peng, Jie Huang, Hetian Tu, Xiangting Zhao, Hu Zhan, Nan Rao, Zhu Zhao, Gaofeng Yang, Hongbo |
author_sort | Guo, Feng |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, the occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk of 40 commonly used antibiotics, including 15 sulfonamides (SAs), 9 fluoroquinolones (FQs), 7 macrolides (MCs), 3 tetracyclines (TCs), 2 chloramphenicols (CAPs), and 4 other categories, in the aquatic environment of the karst plateau wetland Caohai of the Yangtze River basin in southwestern China are reported. In total, 27 antibiotics were detected, with the detection rate ranging from 5% to 100%. The total concentration at each site ranged from 21.8 ng/L to 954 ng/L, with the average concentration being 189 ng/L. FQs and MCs were the most predominant categories, contributing 29.3% and 25.0% of the total antibiotic burden. The five most commonly detected antibiotics were ciprofloxacin (CIP), oxytetracycline (OTC), acetyl sulfamethoxazole (ASMZ), norfloxacin (NOR), and florfenicol (FF). The spatial distribution of the total concentration at each site demonstrated a decreasing trend from the southeastern area upstream adjoining the main counties to the northwestern area downstream, indicating that human activities have a great impact. Meanwhile, the natural attenuation rates of different types of antibiotics in the direction of flow ranged from 17.6% to 100%, which implied the natural purification potential of the wetland for antibiotics. The cluster analysis results indicated that domestic sewage and wastewater from agriculture and animal husbandry were the main sources of contamination in the surrounding wetland. Risk quotients (RQs) assessment showed that most of the individuals were at low to medium risk and that the adverse risks posed by mixtures of antibiotics were higher than those posed by the individual antibiotics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9223651 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92236512022-06-24 Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China Guo, Feng Wang, Yanan Peng, Jie Huang, Hetian Tu, Xiangting Zhao, Hu Zhan, Nan Rao, Zhu Zhao, Gaofeng Yang, Hongbo Int J Environ Res Public Health Article In this study, the occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk of 40 commonly used antibiotics, including 15 sulfonamides (SAs), 9 fluoroquinolones (FQs), 7 macrolides (MCs), 3 tetracyclines (TCs), 2 chloramphenicols (CAPs), and 4 other categories, in the aquatic environment of the karst plateau wetland Caohai of the Yangtze River basin in southwestern China are reported. In total, 27 antibiotics were detected, with the detection rate ranging from 5% to 100%. The total concentration at each site ranged from 21.8 ng/L to 954 ng/L, with the average concentration being 189 ng/L. FQs and MCs were the most predominant categories, contributing 29.3% and 25.0% of the total antibiotic burden. The five most commonly detected antibiotics were ciprofloxacin (CIP), oxytetracycline (OTC), acetyl sulfamethoxazole (ASMZ), norfloxacin (NOR), and florfenicol (FF). The spatial distribution of the total concentration at each site demonstrated a decreasing trend from the southeastern area upstream adjoining the main counties to the northwestern area downstream, indicating that human activities have a great impact. Meanwhile, the natural attenuation rates of different types of antibiotics in the direction of flow ranged from 17.6% to 100%, which implied the natural purification potential of the wetland for antibiotics. The cluster analysis results indicated that domestic sewage and wastewater from agriculture and animal husbandry were the main sources of contamination in the surrounding wetland. Risk quotients (RQs) assessment showed that most of the individuals were at low to medium risk and that the adverse risks posed by mixtures of antibiotics were higher than those posed by the individual antibiotics. MDPI 2022-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9223651/ /pubmed/35742459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127211 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Guo, Feng Wang, Yanan Peng, Jie Huang, Hetian Tu, Xiangting Zhao, Hu Zhan, Nan Rao, Zhu Zhao, Gaofeng Yang, Hongbo Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China |
title | Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China |
title_full | Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China |
title_fullStr | Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China |
title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China |
title_short | Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China |
title_sort | occurrence, distribution, and risk assessment of antibiotics in the aquatic environment of the karst plateau wetland of yangtze river basin, southwestern china |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9223651/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35742459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127211 |
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