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Immunity, Ion Channels and Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder in modern society. One of the major unmet challenges is that current antiseizure medications are basically not disease-modifying. Among the multifaceted etiologies of epilepsy, the role of the immune system has attracted considerable attention in re...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9224225/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35742889 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126446 |
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author | Chen, Tsang-Shan Lai, Ming-Chi Huang, Huai-Ying Ingrid Wu, Sheng-Nan Huang, Chin-Wei |
author_facet | Chen, Tsang-Shan Lai, Ming-Chi Huang, Huai-Ying Ingrid Wu, Sheng-Nan Huang, Chin-Wei |
author_sort | Chen, Tsang-Shan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder in modern society. One of the major unmet challenges is that current antiseizure medications are basically not disease-modifying. Among the multifaceted etiologies of epilepsy, the role of the immune system has attracted considerable attention in recent years. It is known that both innate and adaptive immunity can be activated in response to insults to the central nervous system, leading to seizures. Moreover, the interaction between ion channels, which have a well-established role in epileptogenesis and epilepsy, and the immune system is complex and is being actively investigated. Some examples, including the interaction between ion channels and mTOR pathways, will be discussed in this paper. Furthermore, there has been substantial progress in our understanding of the pathophysiology of epilepsy associated with autoimmune encephalitis, and numerous neural-specific autoantibodies have been found and documented. Early recognition of immune-mediated epilepsy is important, especially in cases of pharmacoresistant epilepsy and in the presence of signs of autoimmune encephalitis, as early intervention with immunotherapy shows promise. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9224225 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92242252022-06-24 Immunity, Ion Channels and Epilepsy Chen, Tsang-Shan Lai, Ming-Chi Huang, Huai-Ying Ingrid Wu, Sheng-Nan Huang, Chin-Wei Int J Mol Sci Review Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder in modern society. One of the major unmet challenges is that current antiseizure medications are basically not disease-modifying. Among the multifaceted etiologies of epilepsy, the role of the immune system has attracted considerable attention in recent years. It is known that both innate and adaptive immunity can be activated in response to insults to the central nervous system, leading to seizures. Moreover, the interaction between ion channels, which have a well-established role in epileptogenesis and epilepsy, and the immune system is complex and is being actively investigated. Some examples, including the interaction between ion channels and mTOR pathways, will be discussed in this paper. Furthermore, there has been substantial progress in our understanding of the pathophysiology of epilepsy associated with autoimmune encephalitis, and numerous neural-specific autoantibodies have been found and documented. Early recognition of immune-mediated epilepsy is important, especially in cases of pharmacoresistant epilepsy and in the presence of signs of autoimmune encephalitis, as early intervention with immunotherapy shows promise. MDPI 2022-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9224225/ /pubmed/35742889 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126446 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Chen, Tsang-Shan Lai, Ming-Chi Huang, Huai-Ying Ingrid Wu, Sheng-Nan Huang, Chin-Wei Immunity, Ion Channels and Epilepsy |
title | Immunity, Ion Channels and Epilepsy |
title_full | Immunity, Ion Channels and Epilepsy |
title_fullStr | Immunity, Ion Channels and Epilepsy |
title_full_unstemmed | Immunity, Ion Channels and Epilepsy |
title_short | Immunity, Ion Channels and Epilepsy |
title_sort | immunity, ion channels and epilepsy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9224225/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35742889 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126446 |
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