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Potential of Snapshot-Type Hyperspectral Imagery Using Support Vector Classifier for the Classification of Tomatoes Maturity

It is necessary to convert to automation in a tomato hydroponic greenhouse because of the aging of farmers, the reduction in agricultural workers as a proportion of the population, COVID-19, and so on. In particular, agricultural robots are attractive as one of the ways for automation conversion in...

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Autores principales: Cho, Byeong-Hyo, Kim, Yong-Hyun, Lee, Ki-Beom, Hong, Young-Ki, Kim, Kyoung-Chul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9227650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35746159
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22124378
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author Cho, Byeong-Hyo
Kim, Yong-Hyun
Lee, Ki-Beom
Hong, Young-Ki
Kim, Kyoung-Chul
author_facet Cho, Byeong-Hyo
Kim, Yong-Hyun
Lee, Ki-Beom
Hong, Young-Ki
Kim, Kyoung-Chul
author_sort Cho, Byeong-Hyo
collection PubMed
description It is necessary to convert to automation in a tomato hydroponic greenhouse because of the aging of farmers, the reduction in agricultural workers as a proportion of the population, COVID-19, and so on. In particular, agricultural robots are attractive as one of the ways for automation conversion in a hydroponic greenhouse. However, to develop agricultural robots, crop monitoring techniques will be necessary. In this study, therefore, we aimed to develop a maturity classification model for tomatoes using both support vector classifier (SVC) and snapshot-type hyperspectral imaging (VIS: 460–600 nm (16 bands) and Red-NIR: 600–860 nm (15 bands)). The spectral data, a total of 258 tomatoes harvested in January and February 2022, was obtained from the tomatoes’ surfaces. Spectral data that has a relationship with the maturity stages of tomatoes was selected by correlation analysis. In addition, the four different spectral data were prepared, such as VIS data (16 bands), Red-NIR data (15 bands), combination data of VIS and Red-NIR (31 bands), and selected spectral data (6 bands). These data were trained by SVC, respectively, and we evaluated the performance of trained classification models. As a result, the SVC based on VIS data achieved a classification accuracy of 79% and an F1-score of 88% to classify the tomato maturity into six stages (Green, Breaker, Turning, Pink, Light-red, and Red). In addition, the developed model was tested in a hydroponic greenhouse and was able to classify the maturity stages with a classification accuracy of 75% and an F1-score of 86%.
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spelling pubmed-92276502022-06-25 Potential of Snapshot-Type Hyperspectral Imagery Using Support Vector Classifier for the Classification of Tomatoes Maturity Cho, Byeong-Hyo Kim, Yong-Hyun Lee, Ki-Beom Hong, Young-Ki Kim, Kyoung-Chul Sensors (Basel) Article It is necessary to convert to automation in a tomato hydroponic greenhouse because of the aging of farmers, the reduction in agricultural workers as a proportion of the population, COVID-19, and so on. In particular, agricultural robots are attractive as one of the ways for automation conversion in a hydroponic greenhouse. However, to develop agricultural robots, crop monitoring techniques will be necessary. In this study, therefore, we aimed to develop a maturity classification model for tomatoes using both support vector classifier (SVC) and snapshot-type hyperspectral imaging (VIS: 460–600 nm (16 bands) and Red-NIR: 600–860 nm (15 bands)). The spectral data, a total of 258 tomatoes harvested in January and February 2022, was obtained from the tomatoes’ surfaces. Spectral data that has a relationship with the maturity stages of tomatoes was selected by correlation analysis. In addition, the four different spectral data were prepared, such as VIS data (16 bands), Red-NIR data (15 bands), combination data of VIS and Red-NIR (31 bands), and selected spectral data (6 bands). These data were trained by SVC, respectively, and we evaluated the performance of trained classification models. As a result, the SVC based on VIS data achieved a classification accuracy of 79% and an F1-score of 88% to classify the tomato maturity into six stages (Green, Breaker, Turning, Pink, Light-red, and Red). In addition, the developed model was tested in a hydroponic greenhouse and was able to classify the maturity stages with a classification accuracy of 75% and an F1-score of 86%. MDPI 2022-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9227650/ /pubmed/35746159 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22124378 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cho, Byeong-Hyo
Kim, Yong-Hyun
Lee, Ki-Beom
Hong, Young-Ki
Kim, Kyoung-Chul
Potential of Snapshot-Type Hyperspectral Imagery Using Support Vector Classifier for the Classification of Tomatoes Maturity
title Potential of Snapshot-Type Hyperspectral Imagery Using Support Vector Classifier for the Classification of Tomatoes Maturity
title_full Potential of Snapshot-Type Hyperspectral Imagery Using Support Vector Classifier for the Classification of Tomatoes Maturity
title_fullStr Potential of Snapshot-Type Hyperspectral Imagery Using Support Vector Classifier for the Classification of Tomatoes Maturity
title_full_unstemmed Potential of Snapshot-Type Hyperspectral Imagery Using Support Vector Classifier for the Classification of Tomatoes Maturity
title_short Potential of Snapshot-Type Hyperspectral Imagery Using Support Vector Classifier for the Classification of Tomatoes Maturity
title_sort potential of snapshot-type hyperspectral imagery using support vector classifier for the classification of tomatoes maturity
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9227650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35746159
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22124378
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