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Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts
In hyper-arid deserts, endolithic microbial communities survive in the pore spaces and cracks of rocks, an environment that enhances water retention and filters UV radiation. The rock colonization zone is enriched in far-red light (FRL) and depleted in visible light. This poses a challenge to cyanob...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9228357/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35744716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061198 |
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author | Murray, Bayleigh Ertekin, Emine Dailey, Micah Soulier, Nathan T. Shen, Gaozhong Bryant, Donald A. Perez-Fernandez, Cesar DiRuggiero, Jocelyne |
author_facet | Murray, Bayleigh Ertekin, Emine Dailey, Micah Soulier, Nathan T. Shen, Gaozhong Bryant, Donald A. Perez-Fernandez, Cesar DiRuggiero, Jocelyne |
author_sort | Murray, Bayleigh |
collection | PubMed |
description | In hyper-arid deserts, endolithic microbial communities survive in the pore spaces and cracks of rocks, an environment that enhances water retention and filters UV radiation. The rock colonization zone is enriched in far-red light (FRL) and depleted in visible light. This poses a challenge to cyanobacteria, which are the primary producers of endolithic communities. Many species of cyanobacteria are capable of Far-Red-Light Photoacclimation (FaRLiP), a process in which FRL induces the synthesis of specialized chlorophylls and remodeling of the photosynthetic apparatus, providing the ability to grow in FRL. While FaRLiP has been reported in cyanobacteria from various low-light environments, our understanding of light adaptations for endolithic cyanobacteria remains limited. Here, we demonstrated that endolithic Chroococcidiopsis isolates from deserts around the world synthesize chlorophyll f, an FRL-specialized chlorophyll when FRL is the sole light source. The metagenome-assembled genomes of these isolates encoded chlorophyll f synthase and all the genes required to implement the FaRLiP response. We also present evidence of FRL-induced changes to the major light-harvesting complexes of a Chroococcidiopsis isolate. These findings indicate that endolithic cyanobacteria from hyper-arid deserts use FRL photoacclimation as an adaptation to the unique light transmission spectrum of their rocky habitat. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9228357 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92283572022-06-25 Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts Murray, Bayleigh Ertekin, Emine Dailey, Micah Soulier, Nathan T. Shen, Gaozhong Bryant, Donald A. Perez-Fernandez, Cesar DiRuggiero, Jocelyne Microorganisms Article In hyper-arid deserts, endolithic microbial communities survive in the pore spaces and cracks of rocks, an environment that enhances water retention and filters UV radiation. The rock colonization zone is enriched in far-red light (FRL) and depleted in visible light. This poses a challenge to cyanobacteria, which are the primary producers of endolithic communities. Many species of cyanobacteria are capable of Far-Red-Light Photoacclimation (FaRLiP), a process in which FRL induces the synthesis of specialized chlorophylls and remodeling of the photosynthetic apparatus, providing the ability to grow in FRL. While FaRLiP has been reported in cyanobacteria from various low-light environments, our understanding of light adaptations for endolithic cyanobacteria remains limited. Here, we demonstrated that endolithic Chroococcidiopsis isolates from deserts around the world synthesize chlorophyll f, an FRL-specialized chlorophyll when FRL is the sole light source. The metagenome-assembled genomes of these isolates encoded chlorophyll f synthase and all the genes required to implement the FaRLiP response. We also present evidence of FRL-induced changes to the major light-harvesting complexes of a Chroococcidiopsis isolate. These findings indicate that endolithic cyanobacteria from hyper-arid deserts use FRL photoacclimation as an adaptation to the unique light transmission spectrum of their rocky habitat. MDPI 2022-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9228357/ /pubmed/35744716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061198 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Murray, Bayleigh Ertekin, Emine Dailey, Micah Soulier, Nathan T. Shen, Gaozhong Bryant, Donald A. Perez-Fernandez, Cesar DiRuggiero, Jocelyne Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts |
title | Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts |
title_full | Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts |
title_fullStr | Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts |
title_full_unstemmed | Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts |
title_short | Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts |
title_sort | adaptation of cyanobacteria to the endolithic light spectrum in hyper-arid deserts |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9228357/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35744716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061198 |
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