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A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery

The history of brain drug delivery is reviewed beginning with the first demonstration, in 1914, that a drug for syphilis, salvarsan, did not enter the brain, due to the presence of a blood–brain barrier (BBB). Owing to restricted transport across the BBB, FDA-approved drugs for the CNS have been gen...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Pardridge, William M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9229021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35745855
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061283
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author Pardridge, William M.
author_facet Pardridge, William M.
author_sort Pardridge, William M.
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description The history of brain drug delivery is reviewed beginning with the first demonstration, in 1914, that a drug for syphilis, salvarsan, did not enter the brain, due to the presence of a blood–brain barrier (BBB). Owing to restricted transport across the BBB, FDA-approved drugs for the CNS have been generally limited to lipid-soluble small molecules. Drugs that do not cross the BBB can be re-engineered for transport on endogenous BBB carrier-mediated transport and receptor-mediated transport systems, which were identified during the 1970s–1980s. By the 1990s, a multitude of brain drug delivery technologies emerged, including trans-cranial delivery, CSF delivery, BBB disruption, lipid carriers, prodrugs, stem cells, exosomes, nanoparticles, gene therapy, and biologics. The advantages and limitations of each of these brain drug delivery technologies are critically reviewed.
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spelling pubmed-92290212022-06-25 A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery Pardridge, William M. Pharmaceutics Review The history of brain drug delivery is reviewed beginning with the first demonstration, in 1914, that a drug for syphilis, salvarsan, did not enter the brain, due to the presence of a blood–brain barrier (BBB). Owing to restricted transport across the BBB, FDA-approved drugs for the CNS have been generally limited to lipid-soluble small molecules. Drugs that do not cross the BBB can be re-engineered for transport on endogenous BBB carrier-mediated transport and receptor-mediated transport systems, which were identified during the 1970s–1980s. By the 1990s, a multitude of brain drug delivery technologies emerged, including trans-cranial delivery, CSF delivery, BBB disruption, lipid carriers, prodrugs, stem cells, exosomes, nanoparticles, gene therapy, and biologics. The advantages and limitations of each of these brain drug delivery technologies are critically reviewed. MDPI 2022-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9229021/ /pubmed/35745855 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061283 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Pardridge, William M.
A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery
title A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery
title_full A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery
title_fullStr A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery
title_full_unstemmed A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery
title_short A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery
title_sort historical review of brain drug delivery
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9229021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35745855
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061283
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