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Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study

(1) Background: During the second wave of COVID-19, India faced a rapid and sudden surge of not only COVID19-delta variant cases but also mucormycosis, making the infection even more fatal. We conducted a study to determine factors associated with the occurrence of mucormycosis in patients with COVI...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Pandit, Awadh Kishor, Tangri, Poorvi, Misra, Shubham, Srivastava, Madakasira Vasantha Padma, Bhatnagar, Sushma, Thakar, Alok, Sikka, Kapil, Panda, Smriti, Vishnu, Venugopalan Y., Singh, Rajesh Kumar, Das, Animesh, Radhakrishnan, Divya M., Srivastava, Achal Kumar, Subramaniam, Rajeshwari, Trikha, Anjan, Agarwal, Ayush, Rajan, Roopa, Upadhyay, Vibhor, Parikipandla, Sathish, Singh, Anup, Kairo, Arvind
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9229175/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35744726
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061209
Descripción
Sumario:(1) Background: During the second wave of COVID-19, India faced a rapid and sudden surge of not only COVID19-delta variant cases but also mucormycosis, making the infection even more fatal. We conducted a study to determine factors associated with the occurrence of mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19. (2) Methods: This case–control study comprised 121 patients; 61 cases (mucormycosis with COVID-19) and 60 controls. Patients were included from April 10, 2021 onwards. Follow-up was conducted after about 90 days and health status was recorded based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). (3) Results: Mucormycosis with COVID-19 cases had a median (IQR) age of 49 (43–59) years with 65.6% males and were older (95% CI 1.015–1.075; p = 0.002) than in the control group with median (IQR) 38 (29–55.5) years and 66.6% males. Baseline raised serum creatinine (OR = 4.963; 95% CI 1.456–16.911; p = 0.010) and D-dimer (OR = 1.000; 95% CI 1.000–1.001; p = 0.028) were independently associated with the occurrence of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, diabetes mellitus (OR = 26.919; 95% CI 1.666–434.892; p = 0.020) was associated with poor outcomes and increased mortality in patients with mucormycosis with COVID-19 as per the multivariable analysis. A total of 30/61 mucormycosis patients had intracranial involvement. (4) Conclusions: The study observed elevated levels of baseline raised creatinine and D-dimer in mucormycosis pa-tients with COVID-19 as compared to the control group. However, future studies may be conducted to establish this cause–effect relationship.