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Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study
(1) Background: During the second wave of COVID-19, India faced a rapid and sudden surge of not only COVID19-delta variant cases but also mucormycosis, making the infection even more fatal. We conducted a study to determine factors associated with the occurrence of mucormycosis in patients with COVI...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9229175/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35744726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061209 |
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author | Pandit, Awadh Kishor Tangri, Poorvi Misra, Shubham Srivastava, Madakasira Vasantha Padma Bhatnagar, Sushma Thakar, Alok Sikka, Kapil Panda, Smriti Vishnu, Venugopalan Y. Singh, Rajesh Kumar Das, Animesh Radhakrishnan, Divya M. Srivastava, Achal Kumar Subramaniam, Rajeshwari Trikha, Anjan Agarwal, Ayush Rajan, Roopa Upadhyay, Vibhor Parikipandla, Sathish Singh, Anup Kairo, Arvind |
author_facet | Pandit, Awadh Kishor Tangri, Poorvi Misra, Shubham Srivastava, Madakasira Vasantha Padma Bhatnagar, Sushma Thakar, Alok Sikka, Kapil Panda, Smriti Vishnu, Venugopalan Y. Singh, Rajesh Kumar Das, Animesh Radhakrishnan, Divya M. Srivastava, Achal Kumar Subramaniam, Rajeshwari Trikha, Anjan Agarwal, Ayush Rajan, Roopa Upadhyay, Vibhor Parikipandla, Sathish Singh, Anup Kairo, Arvind |
author_sort | Pandit, Awadh Kishor |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background: During the second wave of COVID-19, India faced a rapid and sudden surge of not only COVID19-delta variant cases but also mucormycosis, making the infection even more fatal. We conducted a study to determine factors associated with the occurrence of mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19. (2) Methods: This case–control study comprised 121 patients; 61 cases (mucormycosis with COVID-19) and 60 controls. Patients were included from April 10, 2021 onwards. Follow-up was conducted after about 90 days and health status was recorded based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). (3) Results: Mucormycosis with COVID-19 cases had a median (IQR) age of 49 (43–59) years with 65.6% males and were older (95% CI 1.015–1.075; p = 0.002) than in the control group with median (IQR) 38 (29–55.5) years and 66.6% males. Baseline raised serum creatinine (OR = 4.963; 95% CI 1.456–16.911; p = 0.010) and D-dimer (OR = 1.000; 95% CI 1.000–1.001; p = 0.028) were independently associated with the occurrence of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, diabetes mellitus (OR = 26.919; 95% CI 1.666–434.892; p = 0.020) was associated with poor outcomes and increased mortality in patients with mucormycosis with COVID-19 as per the multivariable analysis. A total of 30/61 mucormycosis patients had intracranial involvement. (4) Conclusions: The study observed elevated levels of baseline raised creatinine and D-dimer in mucormycosis pa-tients with COVID-19 as compared to the control group. However, future studies may be conducted to establish this cause–effect relationship. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9229175 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92291752022-06-25 Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study Pandit, Awadh Kishor Tangri, Poorvi Misra, Shubham Srivastava, Madakasira Vasantha Padma Bhatnagar, Sushma Thakar, Alok Sikka, Kapil Panda, Smriti Vishnu, Venugopalan Y. Singh, Rajesh Kumar Das, Animesh Radhakrishnan, Divya M. Srivastava, Achal Kumar Subramaniam, Rajeshwari Trikha, Anjan Agarwal, Ayush Rajan, Roopa Upadhyay, Vibhor Parikipandla, Sathish Singh, Anup Kairo, Arvind Microorganisms Article (1) Background: During the second wave of COVID-19, India faced a rapid and sudden surge of not only COVID19-delta variant cases but also mucormycosis, making the infection even more fatal. We conducted a study to determine factors associated with the occurrence of mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19. (2) Methods: This case–control study comprised 121 patients; 61 cases (mucormycosis with COVID-19) and 60 controls. Patients were included from April 10, 2021 onwards. Follow-up was conducted after about 90 days and health status was recorded based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). (3) Results: Mucormycosis with COVID-19 cases had a median (IQR) age of 49 (43–59) years with 65.6% males and were older (95% CI 1.015–1.075; p = 0.002) than in the control group with median (IQR) 38 (29–55.5) years and 66.6% males. Baseline raised serum creatinine (OR = 4.963; 95% CI 1.456–16.911; p = 0.010) and D-dimer (OR = 1.000; 95% CI 1.000–1.001; p = 0.028) were independently associated with the occurrence of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, diabetes mellitus (OR = 26.919; 95% CI 1.666–434.892; p = 0.020) was associated with poor outcomes and increased mortality in patients with mucormycosis with COVID-19 as per the multivariable analysis. A total of 30/61 mucormycosis patients had intracranial involvement. (4) Conclusions: The study observed elevated levels of baseline raised creatinine and D-dimer in mucormycosis pa-tients with COVID-19 as compared to the control group. However, future studies may be conducted to establish this cause–effect relationship. MDPI 2022-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9229175/ /pubmed/35744726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061209 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pandit, Awadh Kishor Tangri, Poorvi Misra, Shubham Srivastava, Madakasira Vasantha Padma Bhatnagar, Sushma Thakar, Alok Sikka, Kapil Panda, Smriti Vishnu, Venugopalan Y. Singh, Rajesh Kumar Das, Animesh Radhakrishnan, Divya M. Srivastava, Achal Kumar Subramaniam, Rajeshwari Trikha, Anjan Agarwal, Ayush Rajan, Roopa Upadhyay, Vibhor Parikipandla, Sathish Singh, Anup Kairo, Arvind Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study |
title | Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study |
title_full | Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study |
title_fullStr | Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study |
title_short | Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study |
title_sort | mucormycosis in covid-19 patients: a case-control study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9229175/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35744726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061209 |
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