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Marine Cyclic Peptides: Antimicrobial Activity and Synthetic Strategies
Oceans are a rich source of structurally unique bioactive compounds from the perspective of potential therapeutic agents. Marine peptides are a particularly interesting group of secondary metabolites because of their chemistry and wide range of biological activities. Among them, cyclic peptides exhi...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9230156/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35736200 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md20060397 |
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author | Ribeiro, Ricardo Pinto, Eugénia Fernandes, Carla Sousa, Emília |
author_facet | Ribeiro, Ricardo Pinto, Eugénia Fernandes, Carla Sousa, Emília |
author_sort | Ribeiro, Ricardo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Oceans are a rich source of structurally unique bioactive compounds from the perspective of potential therapeutic agents. Marine peptides are a particularly interesting group of secondary metabolites because of their chemistry and wide range of biological activities. Among them, cyclic peptides exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, including against bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses. Moreover, there are several examples of marine cyclic peptides revealing interesting antimicrobial activities against numerous drug-resistant bacteria and fungi, making these compounds a very promising resource in the search for novel antimicrobial agents to revert multidrug-resistance. This review summarizes 174 marine cyclic peptides with antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, or antiviral properties. These natural products were categorized according to their sources—sponges, mollusks, crustaceans, crabs, marine bacteria, and fungi—and chemical structure—cyclic peptides and depsipeptides. The antimicrobial activities, including against drug-resistant microorganisms, unusual structural characteristics, and hits more advanced in (pre)clinical studies, are highlighted. Nocathiacins I–III (91–93), unnarmicins A (114) and C (115), sclerotides A (160) and B (161), and plitidepsin (174) can be highlighted considering not only their high antimicrobial potency in vitro, but also for their promising in vivo results. Marine cyclic peptides are also interesting models for molecular modifications and/or total synthesis to obtain more potent compounds, with improved properties and in higher quantity. Solid-phase Fmoc- and Boc-protection chemistry is the major synthetic strategy to obtain marine cyclic peptides with antimicrobial properties, and key examples are presented guiding microbiologist and medicinal chemists to the discovery of new antimicrobial drug candidates from marine sources. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9230156 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92301562022-06-25 Marine Cyclic Peptides: Antimicrobial Activity and Synthetic Strategies Ribeiro, Ricardo Pinto, Eugénia Fernandes, Carla Sousa, Emília Mar Drugs Review Oceans are a rich source of structurally unique bioactive compounds from the perspective of potential therapeutic agents. Marine peptides are a particularly interesting group of secondary metabolites because of their chemistry and wide range of biological activities. Among them, cyclic peptides exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, including against bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses. Moreover, there are several examples of marine cyclic peptides revealing interesting antimicrobial activities against numerous drug-resistant bacteria and fungi, making these compounds a very promising resource in the search for novel antimicrobial agents to revert multidrug-resistance. This review summarizes 174 marine cyclic peptides with antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, or antiviral properties. These natural products were categorized according to their sources—sponges, mollusks, crustaceans, crabs, marine bacteria, and fungi—and chemical structure—cyclic peptides and depsipeptides. The antimicrobial activities, including against drug-resistant microorganisms, unusual structural characteristics, and hits more advanced in (pre)clinical studies, are highlighted. Nocathiacins I–III (91–93), unnarmicins A (114) and C (115), sclerotides A (160) and B (161), and plitidepsin (174) can be highlighted considering not only their high antimicrobial potency in vitro, but also for their promising in vivo results. Marine cyclic peptides are also interesting models for molecular modifications and/or total synthesis to obtain more potent compounds, with improved properties and in higher quantity. Solid-phase Fmoc- and Boc-protection chemistry is the major synthetic strategy to obtain marine cyclic peptides with antimicrobial properties, and key examples are presented guiding microbiologist and medicinal chemists to the discovery of new antimicrobial drug candidates from marine sources. MDPI 2022-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9230156/ /pubmed/35736200 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md20060397 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ribeiro, Ricardo Pinto, Eugénia Fernandes, Carla Sousa, Emília Marine Cyclic Peptides: Antimicrobial Activity and Synthetic Strategies |
title | Marine Cyclic Peptides: Antimicrobial Activity and Synthetic Strategies |
title_full | Marine Cyclic Peptides: Antimicrobial Activity and Synthetic Strategies |
title_fullStr | Marine Cyclic Peptides: Antimicrobial Activity and Synthetic Strategies |
title_full_unstemmed | Marine Cyclic Peptides: Antimicrobial Activity and Synthetic Strategies |
title_short | Marine Cyclic Peptides: Antimicrobial Activity and Synthetic Strategies |
title_sort | marine cyclic peptides: antimicrobial activity and synthetic strategies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9230156/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35736200 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md20060397 |
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