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Adrenal Tumors in Young Adults: Case Reports and Literature Review

The current high detection rate of adrenal tumors (4–10% of general population) is attributable to a widespread use of variety of imaging studies, especially a computed tomography. Most of them represent clinically silent and biologically indolent incidentalomas, but some adrenal tumors may pose a s...

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Autores principales: Zdrojewska, Małgorzata, Mech-Siebieszuk, Emilia, Świątkowska-Stodulska, Renata, Regent, Bartosz, Kunc, Michał, Zdrojewski, Łukasz, Sworczak, Krzysztof
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9230179/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35744009
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58060746
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author Zdrojewska, Małgorzata
Mech-Siebieszuk, Emilia
Świątkowska-Stodulska, Renata
Regent, Bartosz
Kunc, Michał
Zdrojewski, Łukasz
Sworczak, Krzysztof
author_facet Zdrojewska, Małgorzata
Mech-Siebieszuk, Emilia
Świątkowska-Stodulska, Renata
Regent, Bartosz
Kunc, Michał
Zdrojewski, Łukasz
Sworczak, Krzysztof
author_sort Zdrojewska, Małgorzata
collection PubMed
description The current high detection rate of adrenal tumors (4–10% of general population) is attributable to a widespread use of variety of imaging studies, especially a computed tomography. Most of them represent clinically silent and biologically indolent incidentalomas, but some adrenal tumors may pose a significant clinical challenge. Thus, in every patient with an adrenal tumor, a decision on further management is made after careful hormonal and radiological evaluation. All hormonally active tumors and those with radiological features suggesting malignancy are qualified for surgery. Approximately 80% of adrenal tumors are adrenocortical adenomas, hypertrophy, or nodular adrenocortical hyperplasia. Other histopathological diagnoses include pheochromocytoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, metastases, mesenchymal tumors, lymphomas, cysts, and ganglioneuromas. Adrenal tumors are more commonly diagnosed and better studied in elderly patients. In younger patients, under 40 years old, focal adrenal lesions are relatively rare, and histological distribution of diagnoses differs from that in elderly individuals. Younger patients are more likely to display endocrine symptoms, which raise the suspicion of an adrenal mass. In the current study, we present a case series of seven adrenal tumors occurring in young patients. The cases presented below, along with the literature review, demonstrate that the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal tumors are crucial due to endocrinopathy-derived complications and a potential risk of malignancy.
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spelling pubmed-92301792022-06-25 Adrenal Tumors in Young Adults: Case Reports and Literature Review Zdrojewska, Małgorzata Mech-Siebieszuk, Emilia Świątkowska-Stodulska, Renata Regent, Bartosz Kunc, Michał Zdrojewski, Łukasz Sworczak, Krzysztof Medicina (Kaunas) Case Report The current high detection rate of adrenal tumors (4–10% of general population) is attributable to a widespread use of variety of imaging studies, especially a computed tomography. Most of them represent clinically silent and biologically indolent incidentalomas, but some adrenal tumors may pose a significant clinical challenge. Thus, in every patient with an adrenal tumor, a decision on further management is made after careful hormonal and radiological evaluation. All hormonally active tumors and those with radiological features suggesting malignancy are qualified for surgery. Approximately 80% of adrenal tumors are adrenocortical adenomas, hypertrophy, or nodular adrenocortical hyperplasia. Other histopathological diagnoses include pheochromocytoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, metastases, mesenchymal tumors, lymphomas, cysts, and ganglioneuromas. Adrenal tumors are more commonly diagnosed and better studied in elderly patients. In younger patients, under 40 years old, focal adrenal lesions are relatively rare, and histological distribution of diagnoses differs from that in elderly individuals. Younger patients are more likely to display endocrine symptoms, which raise the suspicion of an adrenal mass. In the current study, we present a case series of seven adrenal tumors occurring in young patients. The cases presented below, along with the literature review, demonstrate that the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal tumors are crucial due to endocrinopathy-derived complications and a potential risk of malignancy. MDPI 2022-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9230179/ /pubmed/35744009 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58060746 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Zdrojewska, Małgorzata
Mech-Siebieszuk, Emilia
Świątkowska-Stodulska, Renata
Regent, Bartosz
Kunc, Michał
Zdrojewski, Łukasz
Sworczak, Krzysztof
Adrenal Tumors in Young Adults: Case Reports and Literature Review
title Adrenal Tumors in Young Adults: Case Reports and Literature Review
title_full Adrenal Tumors in Young Adults: Case Reports and Literature Review
title_fullStr Adrenal Tumors in Young Adults: Case Reports and Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed Adrenal Tumors in Young Adults: Case Reports and Literature Review
title_short Adrenal Tumors in Young Adults: Case Reports and Literature Review
title_sort adrenal tumors in young adults: case reports and literature review
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9230179/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35744009
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58060746
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