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Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus

Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) is a pathogenic human herpes virus that causes varicella (“chicken pox”) as a primary infection, following which it becomes latent in neuronal cells in human peripheral ganglia. It may then reactivate to cause herpes zoster (“shingles”). Defining the pattern of VZV gene...

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Autores principales: Kennedy, Peter G. E., Montague, Paul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9231387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35746721
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14061250
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author Kennedy, Peter G. E.
Montague, Paul
author_facet Kennedy, Peter G. E.
Montague, Paul
author_sort Kennedy, Peter G. E.
collection PubMed
description Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) is a pathogenic human herpes virus that causes varicella (“chicken pox”) as a primary infection, following which it becomes latent in neuronal cells in human peripheral ganglia. It may then reactivate to cause herpes zoster (“shingles”). Defining the pattern of VZV gene expression during latency is an important issue, and four highly expressed VZV genes were first identified by Randall Cohrs in 1996 using cDNA libraries. Further studies from both his and other laboratories, including our own, have suggested that viral gene expression may be more widespread than previously thought, but a confounding factor has always been the possibility of viral reactivation after death in tissues obtained even at 24 h post-mortem. Recent important studies, which Randall Cohrs contributed to, have clarified this issue by studying human trigeminal ganglia at 6 h after death using RNA-Seq methodology when a novel spliced latency-associated VZV transcript (VLT) was found to be mapped antisense to the viral transactivator gene 61. Viral gene expression could be induced by a VLT-ORF 63 fusion transcript when VZV reactivated from latency. Prior detection by several groups of ORF63 in post-mortem-acquired TG is very likely to reflect detection of the VLT-ORF63 fusion and not canonical ORF63. The contributions to the VZV latency field by Randall Cohrs have been numerous and highly significant.
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spelling pubmed-92313872022-06-25 Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus Kennedy, Peter G. E. Montague, Paul Viruses Communication Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) is a pathogenic human herpes virus that causes varicella (“chicken pox”) as a primary infection, following which it becomes latent in neuronal cells in human peripheral ganglia. It may then reactivate to cause herpes zoster (“shingles”). Defining the pattern of VZV gene expression during latency is an important issue, and four highly expressed VZV genes were first identified by Randall Cohrs in 1996 using cDNA libraries. Further studies from both his and other laboratories, including our own, have suggested that viral gene expression may be more widespread than previously thought, but a confounding factor has always been the possibility of viral reactivation after death in tissues obtained even at 24 h post-mortem. Recent important studies, which Randall Cohrs contributed to, have clarified this issue by studying human trigeminal ganglia at 6 h after death using RNA-Seq methodology when a novel spliced latency-associated VZV transcript (VLT) was found to be mapped antisense to the viral transactivator gene 61. Viral gene expression could be induced by a VLT-ORF 63 fusion transcript when VZV reactivated from latency. Prior detection by several groups of ORF63 in post-mortem-acquired TG is very likely to reflect detection of the VLT-ORF63 fusion and not canonical ORF63. The contributions to the VZV latency field by Randall Cohrs have been numerous and highly significant. MDPI 2022-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9231387/ /pubmed/35746721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14061250 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Kennedy, Peter G. E.
Montague, Paul
Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus
title Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus
title_full Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus
title_fullStr Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus
title_full_unstemmed Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus
title_short Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus
title_sort variable gene expression in human ganglia latently infected with varicella-zoster virus
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9231387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35746721
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14061250
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