Anticancer Profile of Rhodanines: Structure–Activity Relationship (SAR) and Molecular Targets—A Review

The rhodanine core is a well-known privileged heterocycle in medicinal chemistry. The rhodanines, as subtypes of thiazolidin-4-ones, show a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anticancer properties. This review aims to analyze the anticancer features of the rhodanines described over the last decade in the scientific literature. The structure–activity relationship of rhodanine derivatives, as well as some of the molecular targets, were discussed. The information contained in this review could be of benefit to the design of new, effective small molecules with anticancer potential among rhodanine derivatives or their related heterocycles.