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Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia
Risk factors for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia have not been well studied. Previous reports from other countries have highlighted the effect of age, gender, clinical presentation and health conditions on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Saudi Arabia has a different epid...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9231697/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35749537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270062 |
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author | Aljuaid, Mohammed Alotair, Hadil Alnajjar, Farrah Alonazi, Wadi Sharaf, Hanaa Sheshah, Eman Alashgar, Lolwah Alshaikh, Mashael |
author_facet | Aljuaid, Mohammed Alotair, Hadil Alnajjar, Farrah Alonazi, Wadi Sharaf, Hanaa Sheshah, Eman Alashgar, Lolwah Alshaikh, Mashael |
author_sort | Aljuaid, Mohammed |
collection | PubMed |
description | Risk factors for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia have not been well studied. Previous reports from other countries have highlighted the effect of age, gender, clinical presentation and health conditions on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Saudi Arabia has a different epidemiological structure with a predominance of young population, which calls for separate study. The objective of this study is to assess the predictors of mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective observational cohort study of hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients at two tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia between May to July 2020. Electronic charts were retrospectively reviewed comparing survivors and non-survivors in terms of demographic and clinical variables and comorbid conditions. A total of 564 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included in the study. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 20%. The non-survivors were significantly older than survivors (59.4 ± 13.7 years and 50.5 ± 13.9 years respectively P< 0.001). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure and ischemic heart disease were more prevalent among non-survivors (P< 0.001). The mean values of glycosylated hemoglobin HgA1C, D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase LDH, Alanin aminotransferase ALT and creatinine were significantly higher among non-survivors (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (aOR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.02–1.08; P < 0.01), chronic kidney disease (aOR = 4.04; 95% CI 1.11–14.77; P < 0.05), acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS (aOR = 14.53; 95% CI 5.42–38.69; P < 0.01), Mechanical Ventilation (aOR = 10.57; 95% CI 5.74–23.59; P < 0.01), Shock (aOR = 3.85; 95% CI 1.02–14.57; P < 0.05), admission to intensive care unit (ICU) (aOR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.04–0.33; P < 0.01) and length of stay (aOR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.93–0.99; P < 0.05) were significant contributors towards mortality. The in-hospital mortality rate of COVID-19 patients admitted to tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia is high. Older age, chronic kidney disease and ARDS were the most important predictors of mortality. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9231697 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92316972022-06-25 Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia Aljuaid, Mohammed Alotair, Hadil Alnajjar, Farrah Alonazi, Wadi Sharaf, Hanaa Sheshah, Eman Alashgar, Lolwah Alshaikh, Mashael PLoS One Research Article Risk factors for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia have not been well studied. Previous reports from other countries have highlighted the effect of age, gender, clinical presentation and health conditions on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Saudi Arabia has a different epidemiological structure with a predominance of young population, which calls for separate study. The objective of this study is to assess the predictors of mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective observational cohort study of hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients at two tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia between May to July 2020. Electronic charts were retrospectively reviewed comparing survivors and non-survivors in terms of demographic and clinical variables and comorbid conditions. A total of 564 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included in the study. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 20%. The non-survivors were significantly older than survivors (59.4 ± 13.7 years and 50.5 ± 13.9 years respectively P< 0.001). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure and ischemic heart disease were more prevalent among non-survivors (P< 0.001). The mean values of glycosylated hemoglobin HgA1C, D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase LDH, Alanin aminotransferase ALT and creatinine were significantly higher among non-survivors (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (aOR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.02–1.08; P < 0.01), chronic kidney disease (aOR = 4.04; 95% CI 1.11–14.77; P < 0.05), acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS (aOR = 14.53; 95% CI 5.42–38.69; P < 0.01), Mechanical Ventilation (aOR = 10.57; 95% CI 5.74–23.59; P < 0.01), Shock (aOR = 3.85; 95% CI 1.02–14.57; P < 0.05), admission to intensive care unit (ICU) (aOR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.04–0.33; P < 0.01) and length of stay (aOR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.93–0.99; P < 0.05) were significant contributors towards mortality. The in-hospital mortality rate of COVID-19 patients admitted to tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia is high. Older age, chronic kidney disease and ARDS were the most important predictors of mortality. Public Library of Science 2022-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9231697/ /pubmed/35749537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270062 Text en © 2022 Aljuaid et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Aljuaid, Mohammed Alotair, Hadil Alnajjar, Farrah Alonazi, Wadi Sharaf, Hanaa Sheshah, Eman Alashgar, Lolwah Alshaikh, Mashael Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia |
title | Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia |
title_full | Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia |
title_fullStr | Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia |
title_full_unstemmed | Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia |
title_short | Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia |
title_sort | risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with covid-19 in saudi arabia |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9231697/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35749537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270062 |
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