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Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia

Risk factors for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia have not been well studied. Previous reports from other countries have highlighted the effect of age, gender, clinical presentation and health conditions on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Saudi Arabia has a different epid...

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Autores principales: Aljuaid, Mohammed, Alotair, Hadil, Alnajjar, Farrah, Alonazi, Wadi, Sharaf, Hanaa, Sheshah, Eman, Alashgar, Lolwah, Alshaikh, Mashael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9231697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35749537
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270062
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author Aljuaid, Mohammed
Alotair, Hadil
Alnajjar, Farrah
Alonazi, Wadi
Sharaf, Hanaa
Sheshah, Eman
Alashgar, Lolwah
Alshaikh, Mashael
author_facet Aljuaid, Mohammed
Alotair, Hadil
Alnajjar, Farrah
Alonazi, Wadi
Sharaf, Hanaa
Sheshah, Eman
Alashgar, Lolwah
Alshaikh, Mashael
author_sort Aljuaid, Mohammed
collection PubMed
description Risk factors for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia have not been well studied. Previous reports from other countries have highlighted the effect of age, gender, clinical presentation and health conditions on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Saudi Arabia has a different epidemiological structure with a predominance of young population, which calls for separate study. The objective of this study is to assess the predictors of mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective observational cohort study of hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients at two tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia between May to July 2020. Electronic charts were retrospectively reviewed comparing survivors and non-survivors in terms of demographic and clinical variables and comorbid conditions. A total of 564 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included in the study. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 20%. The non-survivors were significantly older than survivors (59.4 ± 13.7 years and 50.5 ± 13.9 years respectively P< 0.001). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure and ischemic heart disease were more prevalent among non-survivors (P< 0.001). The mean values of glycosylated hemoglobin HgA1C, D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase LDH, Alanin aminotransferase ALT and creatinine were significantly higher among non-survivors (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (aOR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.02–1.08; P < 0.01), chronic kidney disease (aOR = 4.04; 95% CI 1.11–14.77; P < 0.05), acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS (aOR = 14.53; 95% CI 5.42–38.69; P < 0.01), Mechanical Ventilation (aOR = 10.57; 95% CI 5.74–23.59; P < 0.01), Shock (aOR = 3.85; 95% CI 1.02–14.57; P < 0.05), admission to intensive care unit (ICU) (aOR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.04–0.33; P < 0.01) and length of stay (aOR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.93–0.99; P < 0.05) were significant contributors towards mortality. The in-hospital mortality rate of COVID-19 patients admitted to tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia is high. Older age, chronic kidney disease and ARDS were the most important predictors of mortality.
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spelling pubmed-92316972022-06-25 Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia Aljuaid, Mohammed Alotair, Hadil Alnajjar, Farrah Alonazi, Wadi Sharaf, Hanaa Sheshah, Eman Alashgar, Lolwah Alshaikh, Mashael PLoS One Research Article Risk factors for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia have not been well studied. Previous reports from other countries have highlighted the effect of age, gender, clinical presentation and health conditions on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Saudi Arabia has a different epidemiological structure with a predominance of young population, which calls for separate study. The objective of this study is to assess the predictors of mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective observational cohort study of hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients at two tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia between May to July 2020. Electronic charts were retrospectively reviewed comparing survivors and non-survivors in terms of demographic and clinical variables and comorbid conditions. A total of 564 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included in the study. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 20%. The non-survivors were significantly older than survivors (59.4 ± 13.7 years and 50.5 ± 13.9 years respectively P< 0.001). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure and ischemic heart disease were more prevalent among non-survivors (P< 0.001). The mean values of glycosylated hemoglobin HgA1C, D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase LDH, Alanin aminotransferase ALT and creatinine were significantly higher among non-survivors (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (aOR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.02–1.08; P < 0.01), chronic kidney disease (aOR = 4.04; 95% CI 1.11–14.77; P < 0.05), acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS (aOR = 14.53; 95% CI 5.42–38.69; P < 0.01), Mechanical Ventilation (aOR = 10.57; 95% CI 5.74–23.59; P < 0.01), Shock (aOR = 3.85; 95% CI 1.02–14.57; P < 0.05), admission to intensive care unit (ICU) (aOR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.04–0.33; P < 0.01) and length of stay (aOR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.93–0.99; P < 0.05) were significant contributors towards mortality. The in-hospital mortality rate of COVID-19 patients admitted to tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia is high. Older age, chronic kidney disease and ARDS were the most important predictors of mortality. Public Library of Science 2022-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9231697/ /pubmed/35749537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270062 Text en © 2022 Aljuaid et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Aljuaid, Mohammed
Alotair, Hadil
Alnajjar, Farrah
Alonazi, Wadi
Sharaf, Hanaa
Sheshah, Eman
Alashgar, Lolwah
Alshaikh, Mashael
Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia
title Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia
title_full Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia
title_short Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia
title_sort risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality patients with covid-19 in saudi arabia
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9231697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35749537
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270062
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