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Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Associated With a Laboratory Infection

A laboratory-acquired E. coli O157:H7 infection with associated severe sequelae including hemolytic uremic syndrome occurred in an individual working in the laboratory with a mixture of nalidixic acid-resistant (Nal(R)) O157:H7 mutant strains in a soil-biochar blend. The patient was hospitalized and...

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Autores principales: Eppinger, Mark, Almería, Sonia, Allué-Guardia, Anna, Bagi, Lori K., Kalalah, Anwar A., Gurtler, Joshua B., Fratamico, Pina M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9234449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35770066
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.888568
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author Eppinger, Mark
Almería, Sonia
Allué-Guardia, Anna
Bagi, Lori K.
Kalalah, Anwar A.
Gurtler, Joshua B.
Fratamico, Pina M.
author_facet Eppinger, Mark
Almería, Sonia
Allué-Guardia, Anna
Bagi, Lori K.
Kalalah, Anwar A.
Gurtler, Joshua B.
Fratamico, Pina M.
author_sort Eppinger, Mark
collection PubMed
description A laboratory-acquired E. coli O157:H7 infection with associated severe sequelae including hemolytic uremic syndrome occurred in an individual working in the laboratory with a mixture of nalidixic acid-resistant (Nal(R)) O157:H7 mutant strains in a soil-biochar blend. The patient was hospitalized and treated with an intravenous combination of metronidazole and levofloxacin. The present study investigated the source of this severe laboratory acquired infection and further examined the influence of the antibiotics used during treatment on the expression and production of Shiga toxin. Genomes of two Stx(2a)-and eae-positive O157:H7 strains isolated from the patient’s stool were sequenced along with two pairs of the wt strains and their derived Nal(R) mutants used in the laboratory experiments. High-resolution SNP typing determined the strains’ individual genetic relatedness and unambiguously identified the two laboratory-derived Nal(R) mutant strains as the source of the researcher’s life-threatening disease, rather than a conceivable ingestion of unrelated O157:H7 isolates circulating at the same time. It was further confirmed that in sublethal doses, the antibiotics increased toxin expression and production. Our results support a simultaneous co-infection with clinical strains in the laboratory, which were the causative agents of previous O157:H7 outbreaks, and further that the administration of antibiotics may have impacted the outcome of the infection.
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spelling pubmed-92344492022-06-28 Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Associated With a Laboratory Infection Eppinger, Mark Almería, Sonia Allué-Guardia, Anna Bagi, Lori K. Kalalah, Anwar A. Gurtler, Joshua B. Fratamico, Pina M. Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology A laboratory-acquired E. coli O157:H7 infection with associated severe sequelae including hemolytic uremic syndrome occurred in an individual working in the laboratory with a mixture of nalidixic acid-resistant (Nal(R)) O157:H7 mutant strains in a soil-biochar blend. The patient was hospitalized and treated with an intravenous combination of metronidazole and levofloxacin. The present study investigated the source of this severe laboratory acquired infection and further examined the influence of the antibiotics used during treatment on the expression and production of Shiga toxin. Genomes of two Stx(2a)-and eae-positive O157:H7 strains isolated from the patient’s stool were sequenced along with two pairs of the wt strains and their derived Nal(R) mutants used in the laboratory experiments. High-resolution SNP typing determined the strains’ individual genetic relatedness and unambiguously identified the two laboratory-derived Nal(R) mutant strains as the source of the researcher’s life-threatening disease, rather than a conceivable ingestion of unrelated O157:H7 isolates circulating at the same time. It was further confirmed that in sublethal doses, the antibiotics increased toxin expression and production. Our results support a simultaneous co-infection with clinical strains in the laboratory, which were the causative agents of previous O157:H7 outbreaks, and further that the administration of antibiotics may have impacted the outcome of the infection. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9234449/ /pubmed/35770066 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.888568 Text en Copyright © 2022 Eppinger, Almería, Allué-Guardia, Bagi, Kalalah, Gurtler and Fratamico https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Eppinger, Mark
Almería, Sonia
Allué-Guardia, Anna
Bagi, Lori K.
Kalalah, Anwar A.
Gurtler, Joshua B.
Fratamico, Pina M.
Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Associated With a Laboratory Infection
title Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Associated With a Laboratory Infection
title_full Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Associated With a Laboratory Infection
title_fullStr Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Associated With a Laboratory Infection
title_full_unstemmed Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Associated With a Laboratory Infection
title_short Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Associated With a Laboratory Infection
title_sort genome sequence analysis and characterization of shiga toxin 2 production by escherichia coli o157:h7 strains associated with a laboratory infection
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9234449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35770066
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.888568
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