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DEAD-ly Affairs: The Roles of DEAD-Box Proteins on HIV-1 Viral RNA Metabolism

In order to ensure viral gene expression, Human Immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) recruits numerous host proteins that promote optimal RNA metabolism of the HIV-1 viral RNAs (vRNAs), such as the proteins of the DEAD-box family. The DEAD-box family of RNA helicases regulates multiple steps of RNA...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rao, Shringar, Mahmoudi, Tokameh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9234453/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35769258
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.917599
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author Rao, Shringar
Mahmoudi, Tokameh
author_facet Rao, Shringar
Mahmoudi, Tokameh
author_sort Rao, Shringar
collection PubMed
description In order to ensure viral gene expression, Human Immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) recruits numerous host proteins that promote optimal RNA metabolism of the HIV-1 viral RNAs (vRNAs), such as the proteins of the DEAD-box family. The DEAD-box family of RNA helicases regulates multiple steps of RNA metabolism and processing, including transcription, splicing, nucleocytoplasmic export, trafficking, translation and turnover, mediated by their ATP-dependent RNA unwinding ability. In this review, we provide an overview of the functions and role of all DEAD-box family protein members thus far described to influence various aspects of HIV-1 vRNA metabolism. We describe the molecular mechanisms by which HIV-1 hijacks these host proteins to promote its gene expression and we discuss the implications of these interactions during viral infection, their possible roles in the maintenance of viral latency and in inducing cell death. We also speculate on the emerging potential of pharmacological inhibitors of DEAD-box proteins as novel therapeutics to control the HIV-1 pandemic.
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spelling pubmed-92344532022-06-28 DEAD-ly Affairs: The Roles of DEAD-Box Proteins on HIV-1 Viral RNA Metabolism Rao, Shringar Mahmoudi, Tokameh Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology In order to ensure viral gene expression, Human Immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) recruits numerous host proteins that promote optimal RNA metabolism of the HIV-1 viral RNAs (vRNAs), such as the proteins of the DEAD-box family. The DEAD-box family of RNA helicases regulates multiple steps of RNA metabolism and processing, including transcription, splicing, nucleocytoplasmic export, trafficking, translation and turnover, mediated by their ATP-dependent RNA unwinding ability. In this review, we provide an overview of the functions and role of all DEAD-box family protein members thus far described to influence various aspects of HIV-1 vRNA metabolism. We describe the molecular mechanisms by which HIV-1 hijacks these host proteins to promote its gene expression and we discuss the implications of these interactions during viral infection, their possible roles in the maintenance of viral latency and in inducing cell death. We also speculate on the emerging potential of pharmacological inhibitors of DEAD-box proteins as novel therapeutics to control the HIV-1 pandemic. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9234453/ /pubmed/35769258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.917599 Text en Copyright © 2022 Rao and Mahmoudi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Rao, Shringar
Mahmoudi, Tokameh
DEAD-ly Affairs: The Roles of DEAD-Box Proteins on HIV-1 Viral RNA Metabolism
title DEAD-ly Affairs: The Roles of DEAD-Box Proteins on HIV-1 Viral RNA Metabolism
title_full DEAD-ly Affairs: The Roles of DEAD-Box Proteins on HIV-1 Viral RNA Metabolism
title_fullStr DEAD-ly Affairs: The Roles of DEAD-Box Proteins on HIV-1 Viral RNA Metabolism
title_full_unstemmed DEAD-ly Affairs: The Roles of DEAD-Box Proteins on HIV-1 Viral RNA Metabolism
title_short DEAD-ly Affairs: The Roles of DEAD-Box Proteins on HIV-1 Viral RNA Metabolism
title_sort dead-ly affairs: the roles of dead-box proteins on hiv-1 viral rna metabolism
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9234453/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35769258
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.917599
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