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Short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices
Previous research has suggested that short‐term immobilization of the arm may be a low‐cost, non‐invasive strategy to enhance the capacity for long‐term potentiation (LTP)‐like plasticity in primary motor cortex (M1). Short‐term immobilization reduces corticospinal excitability (CSE) in the contrala...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9234616/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35757848 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15359 |
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author | King, Erin M. Edwards, Lauren L. Borich, Michael R. |
author_facet | King, Erin M. Edwards, Lauren L. Borich, Michael R. |
author_sort | King, Erin M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Previous research has suggested that short‐term immobilization of the arm may be a low‐cost, non‐invasive strategy to enhance the capacity for long‐term potentiation (LTP)‐like plasticity in primary motor cortex (M1). Short‐term immobilization reduces corticospinal excitability (CSE) in the contralateral M1, and interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) from ipsi‐ onto contralateral M1 is increased. However, it is unclear whether reduced CSE and increased IHI are associated with changes in intracortical inhibition, which has been shown to be important for regulating neuroplasticity in M1. The current study used transcranial magnetic stimulation to evaluate the effects of short‐term (6 h) arm immobilization on CSE, IHI, and intracortical inhibition measured bilaterally in 43 neurotypical young adults (23 immobilized). We replicated previous findings demonstrating that immobilization decreased CSE in, and increased IHI onto, the immobilized hemisphere, but a significant change in intracortical inhibition was not observed at the group level. Across individuals, decreased CSE was associated with a decreased short‐interval intracortical inhibition, an index of GABA(A)‐ergic inhibition, within the immobilized hemisphere only in the immobilization group. Previous research has demonstrated that decreases in GABA(A)‐ergic inhibition are necessary for the induction of LTP‐like plasticity in M1; therefore, decreased intracortical inhibition after short‐term arm immobilization may provide a novel mechanism to enhance the capacity for LTP‐like plasticity within M1 and may be a potential target for strategies to augment plasticity capacity to enhance motor learning in health and disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9234616 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92346162022-06-30 Short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices King, Erin M. Edwards, Lauren L. Borich, Michael R. Physiol Rep Original Articles Previous research has suggested that short‐term immobilization of the arm may be a low‐cost, non‐invasive strategy to enhance the capacity for long‐term potentiation (LTP)‐like plasticity in primary motor cortex (M1). Short‐term immobilization reduces corticospinal excitability (CSE) in the contralateral M1, and interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) from ipsi‐ onto contralateral M1 is increased. However, it is unclear whether reduced CSE and increased IHI are associated with changes in intracortical inhibition, which has been shown to be important for regulating neuroplasticity in M1. The current study used transcranial magnetic stimulation to evaluate the effects of short‐term (6 h) arm immobilization on CSE, IHI, and intracortical inhibition measured bilaterally in 43 neurotypical young adults (23 immobilized). We replicated previous findings demonstrating that immobilization decreased CSE in, and increased IHI onto, the immobilized hemisphere, but a significant change in intracortical inhibition was not observed at the group level. Across individuals, decreased CSE was associated with a decreased short‐interval intracortical inhibition, an index of GABA(A)‐ergic inhibition, within the immobilized hemisphere only in the immobilization group. Previous research has demonstrated that decreases in GABA(A)‐ergic inhibition are necessary for the induction of LTP‐like plasticity in M1; therefore, decreased intracortical inhibition after short‐term arm immobilization may provide a novel mechanism to enhance the capacity for LTP‐like plasticity within M1 and may be a potential target for strategies to augment plasticity capacity to enhance motor learning in health and disease. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9234616/ /pubmed/35757848 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15359 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles King, Erin M. Edwards, Lauren L. Borich, Michael R. Short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices |
title | Short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices |
title_full | Short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices |
title_fullStr | Short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices |
title_full_unstemmed | Short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices |
title_short | Short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices |
title_sort | short‐term arm immobilization modulates excitability of inhibitory circuits within, and between, primary motor cortices |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9234616/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35757848 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15359 |
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