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Urinary stone composition in Germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses

PURPOSE: Stone composition can provide valuable information for the diagnosis, treatment and recurrence prevention of urolithiasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of urinary stone components and the impact of different crystal forms according to gender and age of patients in...

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Autores principales: Siener, Roswitha, Herwig, Helena, Rüdy, Jakob, Schaefer, Reinhold M., Lossin, Philipp, Hesse, Albrecht
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9236976/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35666268
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04060-w
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author Siener, Roswitha
Herwig, Helena
Rüdy, Jakob
Schaefer, Reinhold M.
Lossin, Philipp
Hesse, Albrecht
author_facet Siener, Roswitha
Herwig, Helena
Rüdy, Jakob
Schaefer, Reinhold M.
Lossin, Philipp
Hesse, Albrecht
author_sort Siener, Roswitha
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: Stone composition can provide valuable information for the diagnosis, treatment and recurrence prevention of urolithiasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of urinary stone components and the impact of different crystal forms according to gender and age of patients in Germany. METHODS: A total of 45,783 urinary stones submitted from 32,512 men and 13,271 women between January 2007 and December 2020 were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. Only the first calculus obtained per patient was included in the analysis. RESULTS: The most common main stone component was calcium oxalate (CaOx) (71.4%), followed by carbonate apatite (CA) (10.2%) and uric acid (UA) (8.3%). Struvite (2.1%), brushite (1.3%), protein (0.5%) and cystine (0.4%) stones were only rarely diagnosed. CaOx (75%) and UA stones (81%) were more frequently obtained from men than women (p < 0.001). Weddellite (COD) and uric acid dihydrate (UAD) were more common in younger ages than whewellite (COM) and anhydrous uric acid (UAA), respectively, in both men and women. The ratios of COM-to-COD and UAA-to-UAD calculi were approximately 4:1 and 8:1, respectively. The peak of stone occurrence was between the ages of 40 and 59 years. CONCLUSION: Stone composition is strongly associated with gender and age. The peak incidence of calculi in both women and men was in the most active phase of their working life. The distinction between different crystal forms could provide clues to the activity and mechanisms of lithogenesis. Further research is needed in understanding the causative factors and the process of stone formation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00345-022-04060-w.
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spelling pubmed-92369762022-06-29 Urinary stone composition in Germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses Siener, Roswitha Herwig, Helena Rüdy, Jakob Schaefer, Reinhold M. Lossin, Philipp Hesse, Albrecht World J Urol Original Article PURPOSE: Stone composition can provide valuable information for the diagnosis, treatment and recurrence prevention of urolithiasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of urinary stone components and the impact of different crystal forms according to gender and age of patients in Germany. METHODS: A total of 45,783 urinary stones submitted from 32,512 men and 13,271 women between January 2007 and December 2020 were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. Only the first calculus obtained per patient was included in the analysis. RESULTS: The most common main stone component was calcium oxalate (CaOx) (71.4%), followed by carbonate apatite (CA) (10.2%) and uric acid (UA) (8.3%). Struvite (2.1%), brushite (1.3%), protein (0.5%) and cystine (0.4%) stones were only rarely diagnosed. CaOx (75%) and UA stones (81%) were more frequently obtained from men than women (p < 0.001). Weddellite (COD) and uric acid dihydrate (UAD) were more common in younger ages than whewellite (COM) and anhydrous uric acid (UAA), respectively, in both men and women. The ratios of COM-to-COD and UAA-to-UAD calculi were approximately 4:1 and 8:1, respectively. The peak of stone occurrence was between the ages of 40 and 59 years. CONCLUSION: Stone composition is strongly associated with gender and age. The peak incidence of calculi in both women and men was in the most active phase of their working life. The distinction between different crystal forms could provide clues to the activity and mechanisms of lithogenesis. Further research is needed in understanding the causative factors and the process of stone formation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00345-022-04060-w. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-06-06 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9236976/ /pubmed/35666268 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04060-w Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
Siener, Roswitha
Herwig, Helena
Rüdy, Jakob
Schaefer, Reinhold M.
Lossin, Philipp
Hesse, Albrecht
Urinary stone composition in Germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses
title Urinary stone composition in Germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses
title_full Urinary stone composition in Germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses
title_fullStr Urinary stone composition in Germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses
title_full_unstemmed Urinary stone composition in Germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses
title_short Urinary stone composition in Germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses
title_sort urinary stone composition in germany: results from 45,783 stone analyses
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9236976/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35666268
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04060-w
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