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Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Embarria clematidis

Polyester urethanes (PUR) are widely used in industries and have led to a worldwide plastic waste problem. Thus, novel solutions for PUR degradation are required to reduce environmental pollution. This work investigates the PUR biodegradation efficiency of 33 fungal species using a polyester-polyure...

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Autores principales: Khruengsai, Sarunpron, Sripahco, Teerapong, Pripdeevech, Patcharee
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9237533/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35774449
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.874842
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author Khruengsai, Sarunpron
Sripahco, Teerapong
Pripdeevech, Patcharee
author_facet Khruengsai, Sarunpron
Sripahco, Teerapong
Pripdeevech, Patcharee
author_sort Khruengsai, Sarunpron
collection PubMed
description Polyester urethanes (PUR) are widely used in industries and have led to a worldwide plastic waste problem. Thus, novel solutions for PUR degradation are required to reduce environmental pollution. This work investigates the PUR biodegradation efficiency of 33 fungal species using a polyester-polyurethane colloid branded Impranil DLN (Impranil) compared to Aspergillus niger, which served as the positive control. The biodegradation is evaluated based on its ability to clear Impranil in media. Eleven fungi can clear Impranil in both solid- and liquid-medium assays. The highest degradation was attributed to Embarria clematidis cultured with Impranil as a carbon source. The degradation was confirmed by the Sturm test, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). From the Sturm test, CO(2) at a concentration of 0.85 g/L was found in E. clematidis cultured with 150 mL of Impranil solution after a 2-week incubation period while the CO(2) at a concentration of 0.53 g/L was detected from A. niger in the same conditions. The biodegradation was further confirmed by evaluating the clearance percentage of supernatant of E. clematidis and A. niger culturing with Impranil from the Sturm test. The clearance percentage of E. clematidis and A. niger supernatant was 88.84 and 48.97%, respectively. Moreover, the degradation of soft segment and breakdown of ester linkages were observed, as evidenced by the decrease of the carbonyl (1,715 cm(–1)) and N-H stretching (1,340 cm(–1) and 1,020 cm(–1)) FTIR spectral peaks, respectively. GC-MS detected 3Z-heptenol, 5Z-octenol, 2E,4E-hexadienol acetate, and 3E,6Z-nonadienol as degradation products from the E. clematidis culture supernatant. This fungus was screened for its ability to produce extracellular esterase, protease, and urease enzymes. Extracellular esterase, very low urease, and no protease activities were detected in the culture supernatant of E. clematidis in the presence of Impranil. E. clematidis can degrade Impranil partially via hydrolysis of ester linkages by cell-bound esterases at a considerable rate without any prior treatment. This fungus not only degraded Impranil but also mineralized them into CO(2) and H(2)O. E. clematidis can be applied in the process of biochemical depolymerization of PUR for the pure monomers recycling.
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spelling pubmed-92375332022-06-29 Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Embarria clematidis Khruengsai, Sarunpron Sripahco, Teerapong Pripdeevech, Patcharee Front Microbiol Microbiology Polyester urethanes (PUR) are widely used in industries and have led to a worldwide plastic waste problem. Thus, novel solutions for PUR degradation are required to reduce environmental pollution. This work investigates the PUR biodegradation efficiency of 33 fungal species using a polyester-polyurethane colloid branded Impranil DLN (Impranil) compared to Aspergillus niger, which served as the positive control. The biodegradation is evaluated based on its ability to clear Impranil in media. Eleven fungi can clear Impranil in both solid- and liquid-medium assays. The highest degradation was attributed to Embarria clematidis cultured with Impranil as a carbon source. The degradation was confirmed by the Sturm test, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). From the Sturm test, CO(2) at a concentration of 0.85 g/L was found in E. clematidis cultured with 150 mL of Impranil solution after a 2-week incubation period while the CO(2) at a concentration of 0.53 g/L was detected from A. niger in the same conditions. The biodegradation was further confirmed by evaluating the clearance percentage of supernatant of E. clematidis and A. niger culturing with Impranil from the Sturm test. The clearance percentage of E. clematidis and A. niger supernatant was 88.84 and 48.97%, respectively. Moreover, the degradation of soft segment and breakdown of ester linkages were observed, as evidenced by the decrease of the carbonyl (1,715 cm(–1)) and N-H stretching (1,340 cm(–1) and 1,020 cm(–1)) FTIR spectral peaks, respectively. GC-MS detected 3Z-heptenol, 5Z-octenol, 2E,4E-hexadienol acetate, and 3E,6Z-nonadienol as degradation products from the E. clematidis culture supernatant. This fungus was screened for its ability to produce extracellular esterase, protease, and urease enzymes. Extracellular esterase, very low urease, and no protease activities were detected in the culture supernatant of E. clematidis in the presence of Impranil. E. clematidis can degrade Impranil partially via hydrolysis of ester linkages by cell-bound esterases at a considerable rate without any prior treatment. This fungus not only degraded Impranil but also mineralized them into CO(2) and H(2)O. E. clematidis can be applied in the process of biochemical depolymerization of PUR for the pure monomers recycling. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9237533/ /pubmed/35774449 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.874842 Text en Copyright © 2022 Khruengsai, Sripahco and Pripdeevech. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Khruengsai, Sarunpron
Sripahco, Teerapong
Pripdeevech, Patcharee
Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Embarria clematidis
title Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Embarria clematidis
title_full Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Embarria clematidis
title_fullStr Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Embarria clematidis
title_full_unstemmed Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Embarria clematidis
title_short Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Embarria clematidis
title_sort biodegradation of polyester polyurethane by embarria clematidis
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9237533/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35774449
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.874842
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