Percentile curves of stereacuity in a Spanish paediatric population

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to obtain percentile curves of stereoacuity in arc seconds for a Spanish population aged between three and twelve years of age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, observational and transversal study was conducted, which included children aged between three and twelve years of age who did not present with any known ocular and/or systemic diseases. The convenience sampling method was used to select the sample from three schools and one hospital in the Community of Madrid. The Bueno-Matilla Vision Unit's random dot test was used to measure stereoacuity. A descriptive statistic was performed with the stereoacuity values that were obtained for the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th percentiles. RESULTS: The stereoacuity values of 1300 children were analysed. In the 50th percentile curve, it was determined that stereoacuity values close to 40 sec/arc were present from four years of age, and at four years and nine months, stereoacuity values close to 28 sec/arc were already being observed within said percentile, with values that were similar to those expected in the adult population. A progressive increase was observed, reaching 19 sec/arc before six years of age, with this stereoacuity value becoming more established in children from seven years of age. CONCLUSION: Although given the specific type of sampling that was performed it was not possible to generalise the results to the entire population, these percentile curves may aid paediatric professionals in their assessment of the development of this visual ability, which is indicative of the degree of development of binocular vision.