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Acute Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Two Specimens of Macropus rufogriseus Caused by a Genotype so far Exclusive to South America

Macropods are included among the species considered highly susceptible to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Clinically, it is difficult to distinguish between acute toxoplasmosis due to primary infection and reactivation of chronic latent infection in susceptible species until pathologic studies are perf...

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Autores principales: Valenzuela-Moreno, Luis Fernando, Carmona-Muciño, María del Carmen, Cedillo-Peláez, Carlos, Rico-Torres, Claudia Patricia, Luna-Pastén, Héctor, Hernández-Rodríguez, María Alejandra, Caballero-Ortega, Heriberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9240756/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35782563
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.923976
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author Valenzuela-Moreno, Luis Fernando
Carmona-Muciño, María del Carmen
Cedillo-Peláez, Carlos
Rico-Torres, Claudia Patricia
Luna-Pastén, Héctor
Hernández-Rodríguez, María Alejandra
Caballero-Ortega, Heriberto
author_facet Valenzuela-Moreno, Luis Fernando
Carmona-Muciño, María del Carmen
Cedillo-Peláez, Carlos
Rico-Torres, Claudia Patricia
Luna-Pastén, Héctor
Hernández-Rodríguez, María Alejandra
Caballero-Ortega, Heriberto
author_sort Valenzuela-Moreno, Luis Fernando
collection PubMed
description Macropods are included among the species considered highly susceptible to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Clinically, it is difficult to distinguish between acute toxoplasmosis due to primary infection and reactivation of chronic latent infection in susceptible species until pathologic studies are performed. Here, we described the clinical cases and lesions found in two deceased Bennett's wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus) with a presumptive diagnosis of toxoplasmosis, as well as the genetic characterization of the T. gondii isolates obtained from these specimens. Both animals presented acute infection lesions in the lungs, liver, spleen and lymph nodes associated to T. gondii infection. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry also demonstrated tissue cysts of different sizes, indicating that the wallabies were previously infected with this parasite. Two isolates were obtained, one from each specimen and the molecular characterization was done; both isolates were the ToxoDB #116 genotype. This is the first study that reports the isolation of this particular genotype outside South America, and given the histopathological findings, it could be considered virulent for this species. The dynamics of infection that T. gondii is causing in definitive and intermediate hosts in a region allows us to know the risks to which the animals and humans that live in the area are exposed, and in the future to implement a preventive medicine plan against this parasite.
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spelling pubmed-92407562022-06-30 Acute Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Two Specimens of Macropus rufogriseus Caused by a Genotype so far Exclusive to South America Valenzuela-Moreno, Luis Fernando Carmona-Muciño, María del Carmen Cedillo-Peláez, Carlos Rico-Torres, Claudia Patricia Luna-Pastén, Héctor Hernández-Rodríguez, María Alejandra Caballero-Ortega, Heriberto Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Macropods are included among the species considered highly susceptible to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Clinically, it is difficult to distinguish between acute toxoplasmosis due to primary infection and reactivation of chronic latent infection in susceptible species until pathologic studies are performed. Here, we described the clinical cases and lesions found in two deceased Bennett's wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus) with a presumptive diagnosis of toxoplasmosis, as well as the genetic characterization of the T. gondii isolates obtained from these specimens. Both animals presented acute infection lesions in the lungs, liver, spleen and lymph nodes associated to T. gondii infection. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry also demonstrated tissue cysts of different sizes, indicating that the wallabies were previously infected with this parasite. Two isolates were obtained, one from each specimen and the molecular characterization was done; both isolates were the ToxoDB #116 genotype. This is the first study that reports the isolation of this particular genotype outside South America, and given the histopathological findings, it could be considered virulent for this species. The dynamics of infection that T. gondii is causing in definitive and intermediate hosts in a region allows us to know the risks to which the animals and humans that live in the area are exposed, and in the future to implement a preventive medicine plan against this parasite. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9240756/ /pubmed/35782563 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.923976 Text en Copyright © 2022 Valenzuela-Moreno, Carmona-Muciño, Cedillo-Peláez, Rico-Torres, Luna-Pastén, Hernández-Rodríguez and Caballero-Ortega. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Valenzuela-Moreno, Luis Fernando
Carmona-Muciño, María del Carmen
Cedillo-Peláez, Carlos
Rico-Torres, Claudia Patricia
Luna-Pastén, Héctor
Hernández-Rodríguez, María Alejandra
Caballero-Ortega, Heriberto
Acute Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Two Specimens of Macropus rufogriseus Caused by a Genotype so far Exclusive to South America
title Acute Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Two Specimens of Macropus rufogriseus Caused by a Genotype so far Exclusive to South America
title_full Acute Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Two Specimens of Macropus rufogriseus Caused by a Genotype so far Exclusive to South America
title_fullStr Acute Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Two Specimens of Macropus rufogriseus Caused by a Genotype so far Exclusive to South America
title_full_unstemmed Acute Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Two Specimens of Macropus rufogriseus Caused by a Genotype so far Exclusive to South America
title_short Acute Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Two Specimens of Macropus rufogriseus Caused by a Genotype so far Exclusive to South America
title_sort acute disseminated toxoplasmosis in two specimens of macropus rufogriseus caused by a genotype so far exclusive to south america
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9240756/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35782563
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.923976
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