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Effects of Ischemia on the Migratory Capacity of Microglia Along Collagen Microcontact Prints on Organotypic Mouse Cortex Brain Slices
Ischemic stroke is a severe insult in the brain causing cell death, inflammation, and activation of microglia. Microglia are the immune cells of the brain and play a role in any inflammatory process during neurodegeneration. Microglia are round ameboid and migrate to the lesion site, where they diff...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9243317/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35783100 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2022.858802 |
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author | Steiner, Katharina Humpel, Christian |
author_facet | Steiner, Katharina Humpel, Christian |
author_sort | Steiner, Katharina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ischemic stroke is a severe insult in the brain causing cell death, inflammation, and activation of microglia. Microglia are the immune cells of the brain and play a role in any inflammatory process during neurodegeneration. Microglia are round ameboid and migrate to the lesion site, where they differentiate into ramified forms and activated phagocytic microglia. On the other hand, microglia can also release growth factors to repair degeneration. The aim of the present study is to explore the migratory capacity of microglia after ischemic insults. Organotypic brain slices of the mouse cortex (300 μm) were prepared. In order to study migration, the slices were connected to collagen-loaded microcontact prints (with or without monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1) on the membranes. Slices were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for maximal microglial activation. Ischemic insults were simulated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and acidosis (pH 6.5) for 3 days. After 3 weeks in culture, slices were fixed and immunohistochemically stained for the microglial markers Iba1, CD11b and macrophage-like antigen. Our data show that Iba1+ microglia migrated along the microcontact prints, differentiate and phagocyte 1.0 μm fluorescent microbeads. LPS significantly enhanced the number of round ameboid migrating microglia, while OGD and acidosis enhanced the number of ramified activated microglia. The effect was not visible on slices without any μCP and was most potent in μCP with MCP-1. We conclude that OGD and acidosis activate ramification and exhibit a similar mechanism, while LPS only activates round ameboid microglia. Collagen-loaded microcontact prints connected to mouse brain slices are a potent method to study activation and migration of microglia ex vivo. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9243317 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92433172022-07-01 Effects of Ischemia on the Migratory Capacity of Microglia Along Collagen Microcontact Prints on Organotypic Mouse Cortex Brain Slices Steiner, Katharina Humpel, Christian Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Ischemic stroke is a severe insult in the brain causing cell death, inflammation, and activation of microglia. Microglia are the immune cells of the brain and play a role in any inflammatory process during neurodegeneration. Microglia are round ameboid and migrate to the lesion site, where they differentiate into ramified forms and activated phagocytic microglia. On the other hand, microglia can also release growth factors to repair degeneration. The aim of the present study is to explore the migratory capacity of microglia after ischemic insults. Organotypic brain slices of the mouse cortex (300 μm) were prepared. In order to study migration, the slices were connected to collagen-loaded microcontact prints (with or without monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1) on the membranes. Slices were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for maximal microglial activation. Ischemic insults were simulated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and acidosis (pH 6.5) for 3 days. After 3 weeks in culture, slices were fixed and immunohistochemically stained for the microglial markers Iba1, CD11b and macrophage-like antigen. Our data show that Iba1+ microglia migrated along the microcontact prints, differentiate and phagocyte 1.0 μm fluorescent microbeads. LPS significantly enhanced the number of round ameboid migrating microglia, while OGD and acidosis enhanced the number of ramified activated microglia. The effect was not visible on slices without any μCP and was most potent in μCP with MCP-1. We conclude that OGD and acidosis activate ramification and exhibit a similar mechanism, while LPS only activates round ameboid microglia. Collagen-loaded microcontact prints connected to mouse brain slices are a potent method to study activation and migration of microglia ex vivo. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9243317/ /pubmed/35783100 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2022.858802 Text en Copyright © 2022 Steiner and Humpel. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Steiner, Katharina Humpel, Christian Effects of Ischemia on the Migratory Capacity of Microglia Along Collagen Microcontact Prints on Organotypic Mouse Cortex Brain Slices |
title | Effects of Ischemia on the Migratory Capacity of Microglia Along Collagen Microcontact Prints on Organotypic Mouse Cortex Brain Slices |
title_full | Effects of Ischemia on the Migratory Capacity of Microglia Along Collagen Microcontact Prints on Organotypic Mouse Cortex Brain Slices |
title_fullStr | Effects of Ischemia on the Migratory Capacity of Microglia Along Collagen Microcontact Prints on Organotypic Mouse Cortex Brain Slices |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Ischemia on the Migratory Capacity of Microglia Along Collagen Microcontact Prints on Organotypic Mouse Cortex Brain Slices |
title_short | Effects of Ischemia on the Migratory Capacity of Microglia Along Collagen Microcontact Prints on Organotypic Mouse Cortex Brain Slices |
title_sort | effects of ischemia on the migratory capacity of microglia along collagen microcontact prints on organotypic mouse cortex brain slices |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9243317/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35783100 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2022.858802 |
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