Qualitätssicherung zur Therapie des muskelinvasiven und metastasierten Harnblasenkarzinoms in Deutschland: Eine Initiative der Arbeitsgemeinschaften Urologische Onkologie (AUO) und Internistische Onkologie (AIO) in der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft (DKG)

BACKGROUND: The S3-guideline on bladder cancer recommends radical cystectomy and cisplatin-based perioperative chemotherapy (POC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Recommendation for metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC) is cisplatin-based or immuno-oncological (IO) treatment in platinum-ineligible patients (pts) or as 2nd-line therapy. OBJECTIVES: Aim of the study was to obtain representative data on clinical routine treatment of MIBC and mUC in Germany. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A nationwide survey was performed to obtain data on stage-related patient volume in hospitals and office-based physicians. Based on these results, a representative sample of treatment data was collected retrospectively from pts with MIBC and mUC. RESULTS: Data from 956 pts (MIBC 576; mUC: 380) were collected. Of the MIBC pts, 49.8% received a systemic therapy (80.4% of them received cisplatin/gemcitabine) and 50.2% were treated with a cystectomy without POC. Significant factors for cystectomy without POC were higher age > 75 years (odds ratio [OR] 4.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.01–8.11, p < 0.001) and platinum-ineligible pts (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.30–3.59; p = 0.003). Treatment decision without interdisciplinary tumor board was also correlated with no POC (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.65–3.61, p < 0.001). In mUC platinum-pretreated pts generally receive IO therapy (OR 12.07, 95% CI 6.94–21.82, p < 0.001). Other significant factors are positive PD-L1 status (OR 3.72, 95% CI 1.30–5.71, p < 0.001), higher age > 75 years (OR 2.83, 95% CI 1.43–5.73, p = 0.003) and platinum-ineligible pts (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.30–5.71, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: The “gold standard” cisplatin/gemcitabine is established in Germany if pts are treated with POC. Nonetheless half of the MIBC pts did not receive a POC, especially if the treatment decision is not discussed in a tumor board. In mUC IO therapy is established as 2nd-line therapy after a platinum-based treatment. Although the guideline recommendations are largely implemented, there is potential for optimization, especially in the establishment of interdisciplinary tumor boards.