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The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SLGT-2i) on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Non-diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review
Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are the leading causes of mortality. Despite medical advances, these illnesses are still underdiagnosed and undermanaged. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have recently emerged as a potential class of medicati...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cureus
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9246463/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35800782 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25476 |
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author | Giri Ravindran, Suganya Kakarla, Meghana Ausaja Gambo, Musa Yousri Salama, Mustafa Haidar Ismail, Nathalie Tavalla, Pardis Uppal, Pulkita Mohammed, Shaza A Rajashekar, Shriya Hamid, Pousette |
author_facet | Giri Ravindran, Suganya Kakarla, Meghana Ausaja Gambo, Musa Yousri Salama, Mustafa Haidar Ismail, Nathalie Tavalla, Pardis Uppal, Pulkita Mohammed, Shaza A Rajashekar, Shriya Hamid, Pousette |
author_sort | Giri Ravindran, Suganya |
collection | PubMed |
description | Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are the leading causes of mortality. Despite medical advances, these illnesses are still underdiagnosed and undermanaged. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have recently emerged as a potential class of medications with promising cardiovascular and renal safety in non-diabetic patients. In this systematic review, we explored the outcomes of cardiovascular and renal protective effects utilizing SGLT-2i in three large randomized clinical trials with a cohort of both diabetes and non-diabetes patients. In these studies, data conferred that there is a significant reduction in heart failure (HF) hospitalization, as well as cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Moreover, SGLT-2i impede the progression to and death from CKD. Additionally, we reviewed trials solely done on non-diabetics which demonstrated benefits in patients with established HF with reduced ejection fraction, though the fact that these studies had a smaller sample size. We also discussed some of the potential mechanisms of action of SGLT-2i on cardiovascular and renal outcomes that are beyond anti-hyperglycemic control. There is ongoing research involving a larger number of non-diabetes patients that may provide more information about the efficacy of these drugs besides anti-diabetic medications in the future. Finally, this is the first systematic review that has provided a perspective on the currently available trials, which offer evidence supporting the potential benefits of SGLT-2i on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in non-diabetic individuals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9246463 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Cureus |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92464632022-07-06 The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SLGT-2i) on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Non-diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review Giri Ravindran, Suganya Kakarla, Meghana Ausaja Gambo, Musa Yousri Salama, Mustafa Haidar Ismail, Nathalie Tavalla, Pardis Uppal, Pulkita Mohammed, Shaza A Rajashekar, Shriya Hamid, Pousette Cureus Cardiology Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are the leading causes of mortality. Despite medical advances, these illnesses are still underdiagnosed and undermanaged. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have recently emerged as a potential class of medications with promising cardiovascular and renal safety in non-diabetic patients. In this systematic review, we explored the outcomes of cardiovascular and renal protective effects utilizing SGLT-2i in three large randomized clinical trials with a cohort of both diabetes and non-diabetes patients. In these studies, data conferred that there is a significant reduction in heart failure (HF) hospitalization, as well as cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Moreover, SGLT-2i impede the progression to and death from CKD. Additionally, we reviewed trials solely done on non-diabetics which demonstrated benefits in patients with established HF with reduced ejection fraction, though the fact that these studies had a smaller sample size. We also discussed some of the potential mechanisms of action of SGLT-2i on cardiovascular and renal outcomes that are beyond anti-hyperglycemic control. There is ongoing research involving a larger number of non-diabetes patients that may provide more information about the efficacy of these drugs besides anti-diabetic medications in the future. Finally, this is the first systematic review that has provided a perspective on the currently available trials, which offer evidence supporting the potential benefits of SGLT-2i on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in non-diabetic individuals. Cureus 2022-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9246463/ /pubmed/35800782 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25476 Text en Copyright © 2022, Giri Ravindran et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Cardiology Giri Ravindran, Suganya Kakarla, Meghana Ausaja Gambo, Musa Yousri Salama, Mustafa Haidar Ismail, Nathalie Tavalla, Pardis Uppal, Pulkita Mohammed, Shaza A Rajashekar, Shriya Hamid, Pousette The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SLGT-2i) on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Non-diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review |
title | The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SLGT-2i) on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Non-diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review |
title_full | The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SLGT-2i) on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Non-diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review |
title_fullStr | The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SLGT-2i) on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Non-diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SLGT-2i) on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Non-diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review |
title_short | The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SLGT-2i) on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Non-diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review |
title_sort | effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (slgt-2i) on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in non-diabetic patients: a systematic review |
topic | Cardiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9246463/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35800782 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25476 |
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