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Neonatal Programming of Microbiota Composition: A Plausible Idea That Is Not Supported by the Evidence

Underpinning the theory “developmental origins of health and disease” (DOHaD), evidence is accumulating to suggest that the risks of adult disease are in part programmed by exposure to environmental factors during the highly plastic “first 1,000 days of life” period. An elucidation of the mechanisms...

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Autores principales: Michel, Catherine, Blottière, Hervé M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9247513/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35783422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.825942
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author Michel, Catherine
Blottière, Hervé M.
author_facet Michel, Catherine
Blottière, Hervé M.
author_sort Michel, Catherine
collection PubMed
description Underpinning the theory “developmental origins of health and disease” (DOHaD), evidence is accumulating to suggest that the risks of adult disease are in part programmed by exposure to environmental factors during the highly plastic “first 1,000 days of life” period. An elucidation of the mechanisms involved in this programming is challenging as it would help developing new strategies to promote adult health. The intestinal microbiome is proposed as a long-lasting memory of the neonatal environment. This proposal is supported by indisputable findings such as the concomitance of microbiota assembly and the first 1,000-day period, the influence of perinatal conditions on microbiota composition, and the impact of microbiota composition on host physiology, and is based on the widely held but unconfirmed view that the microbiota is long-lastingly shaped early in life. In this review, we examine the plausibility of the gut microbiota being programmed by the neonatal environment and evaluate the evidence for its validity. We highlight that the capacity of the pioneer bacteria to control the implantation of subsequent bacteria is supported by both theoretical principles and statistical associations, but remains to be demonstrated experimentally. In addition, our critical review of the literature on the long-term repercussions of selected neonatal modulations of the gut microbiota indicates that sustained programming of the microbiota composition by neonatal events is unlikely. This does not exclude the microbiota having a role in DOHaD due to a possible interaction with tissue and organ development during the critical windows of neonatal life.
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spelling pubmed-92475132022-07-02 Neonatal Programming of Microbiota Composition: A Plausible Idea That Is Not Supported by the Evidence Michel, Catherine Blottière, Hervé M. Front Microbiol Microbiology Underpinning the theory “developmental origins of health and disease” (DOHaD), evidence is accumulating to suggest that the risks of adult disease are in part programmed by exposure to environmental factors during the highly plastic “first 1,000 days of life” period. An elucidation of the mechanisms involved in this programming is challenging as it would help developing new strategies to promote adult health. The intestinal microbiome is proposed as a long-lasting memory of the neonatal environment. This proposal is supported by indisputable findings such as the concomitance of microbiota assembly and the first 1,000-day period, the influence of perinatal conditions on microbiota composition, and the impact of microbiota composition on host physiology, and is based on the widely held but unconfirmed view that the microbiota is long-lastingly shaped early in life. In this review, we examine the plausibility of the gut microbiota being programmed by the neonatal environment and evaluate the evidence for its validity. We highlight that the capacity of the pioneer bacteria to control the implantation of subsequent bacteria is supported by both theoretical principles and statistical associations, but remains to be demonstrated experimentally. In addition, our critical review of the literature on the long-term repercussions of selected neonatal modulations of the gut microbiota indicates that sustained programming of the microbiota composition by neonatal events is unlikely. This does not exclude the microbiota having a role in DOHaD due to a possible interaction with tissue and organ development during the critical windows of neonatal life. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9247513/ /pubmed/35783422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.825942 Text en Copyright © 2022 Michel and Blottière. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Michel, Catherine
Blottière, Hervé M.
Neonatal Programming of Microbiota Composition: A Plausible Idea That Is Not Supported by the Evidence
title Neonatal Programming of Microbiota Composition: A Plausible Idea That Is Not Supported by the Evidence
title_full Neonatal Programming of Microbiota Composition: A Plausible Idea That Is Not Supported by the Evidence
title_fullStr Neonatal Programming of Microbiota Composition: A Plausible Idea That Is Not Supported by the Evidence
title_full_unstemmed Neonatal Programming of Microbiota Composition: A Plausible Idea That Is Not Supported by the Evidence
title_short Neonatal Programming of Microbiota Composition: A Plausible Idea That Is Not Supported by the Evidence
title_sort neonatal programming of microbiota composition: a plausible idea that is not supported by the evidence
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9247513/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35783422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.825942
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