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Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injections

OBJECTIVES: To determine if patients treated with multiple intravitreal injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration are more likely to suffer from dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty eyes of 30 patients were enrolled. One eye of each patient was trea...

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Autores principales: Kıyat, Pelin, Palamar, Melis, Nalçacı, Serhad, Akkın, Cezmi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Galenos Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9249115/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35769012
http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjo.galenos.2021.66168
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author Kıyat, Pelin
Palamar, Melis
Nalçacı, Serhad
Akkın, Cezmi
author_facet Kıyat, Pelin
Palamar, Melis
Nalçacı, Serhad
Akkın, Cezmi
author_sort Kıyat, Pelin
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To determine if patients treated with multiple intravitreal injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration are more likely to suffer from dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty eyes of 30 patients were enrolled. One eye of each patient was treated with multiple monthly intravitreal injections for neovascular AMD (Group 1) and the fellow healthy eye received no treatment (Group 2). The presence of dry eye was evaluated using tear film break-up time, Schirmer 1 test, the Oxford scale, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). The loss rate of meibomian glands was evaluated by meibography and was graded and scored (meiboscore) from grade 0 (no loss of glands) to grade 3 (loss of >2/3 of total meibomian glands) for each eyelid. RESULTS: Group 1 had lower mean Schirmer 1 and tear film break up-time measurements and higher mean OSDI score than Group 2, but the differences were not statistically significant (p=0.257, p=0.113, and p=0.212, respectively). Mean Oxford scale scores and meiboscore of the upper eyelids showed no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.594, p=0.663, respectively). The meiboscore of the lower eyelids was significantly higher in Group 1 (p=0.048). CONCLUSION: Multiple factors such as povidone-iodine and the preservatives in topical eye drops may cause inflammation leading to ocular surface damage in patients treated with multiple intravitreal injections. As the treatment requires repeated injections, exposure to these factors might worsen the ocular surface inflammation. The possibility of dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction should be considered in these patients.
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spelling pubmed-92491152022-07-18 Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injections Kıyat, Pelin Palamar, Melis Nalçacı, Serhad Akkın, Cezmi Turk J Ophthalmol Original Article OBJECTIVES: To determine if patients treated with multiple intravitreal injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration are more likely to suffer from dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty eyes of 30 patients were enrolled. One eye of each patient was treated with multiple monthly intravitreal injections for neovascular AMD (Group 1) and the fellow healthy eye received no treatment (Group 2). The presence of dry eye was evaluated using tear film break-up time, Schirmer 1 test, the Oxford scale, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). The loss rate of meibomian glands was evaluated by meibography and was graded and scored (meiboscore) from grade 0 (no loss of glands) to grade 3 (loss of >2/3 of total meibomian glands) for each eyelid. RESULTS: Group 1 had lower mean Schirmer 1 and tear film break up-time measurements and higher mean OSDI score than Group 2, but the differences were not statistically significant (p=0.257, p=0.113, and p=0.212, respectively). Mean Oxford scale scores and meiboscore of the upper eyelids showed no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.594, p=0.663, respectively). The meiboscore of the lower eyelids was significantly higher in Group 1 (p=0.048). CONCLUSION: Multiple factors such as povidone-iodine and the preservatives in topical eye drops may cause inflammation leading to ocular surface damage in patients treated with multiple intravitreal injections. As the treatment requires repeated injections, exposure to these factors might worsen the ocular surface inflammation. The possibility of dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction should be considered in these patients. Galenos Publishing 2022-06 2022-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9249115/ /pubmed/35769012 http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjo.galenos.2021.66168 Text en © Copyright 2022 by Turkish Ophthalmological Association | Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology, published by Galenos Publishing House. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Kıyat, Pelin
Palamar, Melis
Nalçacı, Serhad
Akkın, Cezmi
Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injections
title Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injections
title_full Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injections
title_fullStr Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injections
title_full_unstemmed Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injections
title_short Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injections
title_sort dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction in neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients treated with intravitreal injections
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9249115/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35769012
http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjo.galenos.2021.66168
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