Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis

OBJECTIVE: This exploratory study examines the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). DESIGN: Childhood exposure to 16 ACEs was measured during an annual review assessment (N = 80). METHODS: CF patients (n = 80) attending the All Wales Adult CF Service for a routine annual review assessment completed an adapted version of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) short-form ACE questionnaire alongside measures of psychological well-being. RESULTS: In this sample, 65 (78%) reported at least one type of childhood adversity and 11 (14%) experienced four or more ACEs. Parental divorce or separation and verbal abuse were the most frequently reported ACEs. Illness related trauma in childhood was also prevalent with 52 (64%) reporting having experienced a painful or frightening medical procedure and 23 (28%) feeling forced to have treatment or a procedure. CONCLUSION: Individuals with CF reported a number of childhood traumas including trauma relating to medical procedures. Those with a history of ACEs may have increased risks of emotional and physical difficulties and may benefit from additional support from the CF psychosocial team.