Influence of Different Surgical Timing after Percutaneous Kyphoplasty for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Retrospective Study

BACKGROUND: A large number of people suffer from osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) worldwide. Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), considered a minimally invasive surgery, has been widely used to treat OVCFs and achieves satisfactory outcomes. However, the surgical timing of PKP is still under discussion. METHODS: A total of 149 patients were enrolled in the study and were divided into 3 groups according to different surgical timing. Group A (n = 52) included patients who required emergency surgery. Group B (n = 50) included patients who required surgery around a week after injury. Group C (n = 47) included patients who required surgery a month or more after injury. Characteristics of patients and radiological images were recorded. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were analyzed before, 1 day, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery. In addition, compression rates of anterior vertebral height (AVH) were calculated and the kyphosis Cobb angle was measured before and after surgery. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the VAS and ODI scores between the three groups at 1 day, 1 month, and 6 months after PKP. The VAS and ODI scores of Group C were higher than those of Groups A and B. The AVH compression rates of Group C were significantly higher than those of Groups A and B postoperatively 1 day, 1 month, and 6 months. The kyphosis Cobb angles in Group C was significantly larger than those in Groups A and B at 1 day and 1 month after PKP. CONCLUSIONS: Emergency PKP showed more advantages in both clinical and radiological outcomes. We recommend early PKP for the treatment of OVCFs.