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suPAR: An Inflammatory Mediator for Kidneys

BACKGROUND: Inflammation is a common feature of many kidney diseases. The implicated inflammatory mediators and their underlying molecular mechanisms however are often not clear. SUMMARY: suPAR is the soluble form of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), associated with inflammation...

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Autores principales: Sudhini, Yashwanth Reddy, Wei, Changli, Reiser, Jochen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: S. Karger AG 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9251480/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35949208
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000524965
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author Sudhini, Yashwanth Reddy
Wei, Changli
Reiser, Jochen
author_facet Sudhini, Yashwanth Reddy
Wei, Changli
Reiser, Jochen
author_sort Sudhini, Yashwanth Reddy
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Inflammation is a common feature of many kidney diseases. The implicated inflammatory mediators and their underlying molecular mechanisms however are often not clear. SUMMARY: suPAR is the soluble form of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), associated with inflammation and immune activation. It has evolved into a unique circulating kidney disease factor over the last 10 years. In particular, suPAR has multiple looks due to enzymatic cleavage and alternative transcriptional splicing of the uPAR gene. Most recently, suPAR has emerged as a systemic mediator for COVID-19 infection, associated with lung as well as kidney dysfunction. Like membrane-bound uPAR, suPAR could interact with integrins (e.g., αvβ3 integrin) on podocytes, providing the molecular basis for some glomerular kidney diseases. In addition, there have been numerous studies suggesting that suPAR connects acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease as a special kidney risk factor. Moreover, the implication of circulating suPAR levels in kidney transplantation and plasmapheresis not only indicates its relevance in monitoring for recurrence but also implies suPAR as a possible therapeutic target. In fact, the therapeutic concept of manipulating suPAR function has been evidenced in several kidney disease experimental models. KEY MESSAGES: The last 10 years of research has established suPAR as a unique inflammatory mediator for kidneys. While open questions remain and deserve additional studies, modulating suPAR function may represent a promising novel therapeutic strategy for kidney disease.
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spelling pubmed-92514802022-08-09 suPAR: An Inflammatory Mediator for Kidneys Sudhini, Yashwanth Reddy Wei, Changli Reiser, Jochen Kidney Dis (Basel) Review Article BACKGROUND: Inflammation is a common feature of many kidney diseases. The implicated inflammatory mediators and their underlying molecular mechanisms however are often not clear. SUMMARY: suPAR is the soluble form of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), associated with inflammation and immune activation. It has evolved into a unique circulating kidney disease factor over the last 10 years. In particular, suPAR has multiple looks due to enzymatic cleavage and alternative transcriptional splicing of the uPAR gene. Most recently, suPAR has emerged as a systemic mediator for COVID-19 infection, associated with lung as well as kidney dysfunction. Like membrane-bound uPAR, suPAR could interact with integrins (e.g., αvβ3 integrin) on podocytes, providing the molecular basis for some glomerular kidney diseases. In addition, there have been numerous studies suggesting that suPAR connects acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease as a special kidney risk factor. Moreover, the implication of circulating suPAR levels in kidney transplantation and plasmapheresis not only indicates its relevance in monitoring for recurrence but also implies suPAR as a possible therapeutic target. In fact, the therapeutic concept of manipulating suPAR function has been evidenced in several kidney disease experimental models. KEY MESSAGES: The last 10 years of research has established suPAR as a unique inflammatory mediator for kidneys. While open questions remain and deserve additional studies, modulating suPAR function may represent a promising novel therapeutic strategy for kidney disease. S. Karger AG 2022-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9251480/ /pubmed/35949208 http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000524965 Text en Copyright © 2022 by The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes requires written permission. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
spellingShingle Review Article
Sudhini, Yashwanth Reddy
Wei, Changli
Reiser, Jochen
suPAR: An Inflammatory Mediator for Kidneys
title suPAR: An Inflammatory Mediator for Kidneys
title_full suPAR: An Inflammatory Mediator for Kidneys
title_fullStr suPAR: An Inflammatory Mediator for Kidneys
title_full_unstemmed suPAR: An Inflammatory Mediator for Kidneys
title_short suPAR: An Inflammatory Mediator for Kidneys
title_sort supar: an inflammatory mediator for kidneys
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9251480/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35949208
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000524965
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