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Metabolomics Analysis Provides New Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Parasitic Plant Dodder Elongation in vitro

Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) species are obligate parasitic flowering plants that totally depend on host plants for growth and reproduction and severely suppress hosts’ growth. As a rootless and leafless plant, excised dodder shoots exhibit rapid growth and elongation for several days to hunt for new host...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Yuexia, Zhang, Yushi, Jiang, Linjian, Li, Zhaohu, Zhang, Mingcai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9251578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35795348
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.921245
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author Zhang, Yuexia
Zhang, Yushi
Jiang, Linjian
Li, Zhaohu
Zhang, Mingcai
author_facet Zhang, Yuexia
Zhang, Yushi
Jiang, Linjian
Li, Zhaohu
Zhang, Mingcai
author_sort Zhang, Yuexia
collection PubMed
description Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) species are obligate parasitic flowering plants that totally depend on host plants for growth and reproduction and severely suppress hosts’ growth. As a rootless and leafless plant, excised dodder shoots exhibit rapid growth and elongation for several days to hunt for new host stems, and parasitization could be reestablished. This is one unique ability of the dodder to facilitate its success in nature. Clearly, excised dodder stems have to recycle stored nutrients to elongate as much as possible. However, the mechanism of stored nutrient recycling in the in vitro dodder shoots is still poorly understood. Here, we found that dodder is a carbohydrate-rich holoparasitic plant. During the in vitro dodder shoot development, starch was dramatically and thoroughly degraded in the dodder shoots. Sucrose derived from starch degradation in the basal stems was transported to the shoot tips, in which EMP and TCA pathways were activated to compensate for carbon demand for the following elongation according to the variations of sugar content related to the crucial gene expression, and the metabolomics analysis. Additionally, antioxidants were significantly accumulated in the shoot tips in contrast to those in the basal stems. The variations of phytohormones (jasmonic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and abscisic acid) indicated that they played essential roles in this process. All these data suggested that starch and sucrose degradation, EMP and TCA activation, antioxidants, and phytohormones were crucial and associated with the in vitro dodder shoot elongation.
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spelling pubmed-92515782022-07-05 Metabolomics Analysis Provides New Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Parasitic Plant Dodder Elongation in vitro Zhang, Yuexia Zhang, Yushi Jiang, Linjian Li, Zhaohu Zhang, Mingcai Front Plant Sci Plant Science Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) species are obligate parasitic flowering plants that totally depend on host plants for growth and reproduction and severely suppress hosts’ growth. As a rootless and leafless plant, excised dodder shoots exhibit rapid growth and elongation for several days to hunt for new host stems, and parasitization could be reestablished. This is one unique ability of the dodder to facilitate its success in nature. Clearly, excised dodder stems have to recycle stored nutrients to elongate as much as possible. However, the mechanism of stored nutrient recycling in the in vitro dodder shoots is still poorly understood. Here, we found that dodder is a carbohydrate-rich holoparasitic plant. During the in vitro dodder shoot development, starch was dramatically and thoroughly degraded in the dodder shoots. Sucrose derived from starch degradation in the basal stems was transported to the shoot tips, in which EMP and TCA pathways were activated to compensate for carbon demand for the following elongation according to the variations of sugar content related to the crucial gene expression, and the metabolomics analysis. Additionally, antioxidants were significantly accumulated in the shoot tips in contrast to those in the basal stems. The variations of phytohormones (jasmonic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and abscisic acid) indicated that they played essential roles in this process. All these data suggested that starch and sucrose degradation, EMP and TCA activation, antioxidants, and phytohormones were crucial and associated with the in vitro dodder shoot elongation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9251578/ /pubmed/35795348 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.921245 Text en Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Zhang, Jiang, Li and Zhang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Zhang, Yuexia
Zhang, Yushi
Jiang, Linjian
Li, Zhaohu
Zhang, Mingcai
Metabolomics Analysis Provides New Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Parasitic Plant Dodder Elongation in vitro
title Metabolomics Analysis Provides New Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Parasitic Plant Dodder Elongation in vitro
title_full Metabolomics Analysis Provides New Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Parasitic Plant Dodder Elongation in vitro
title_fullStr Metabolomics Analysis Provides New Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Parasitic Plant Dodder Elongation in vitro
title_full_unstemmed Metabolomics Analysis Provides New Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Parasitic Plant Dodder Elongation in vitro
title_short Metabolomics Analysis Provides New Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Parasitic Plant Dodder Elongation in vitro
title_sort metabolomics analysis provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of parasitic plant dodder elongation in vitro
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9251578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35795348
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.921245
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