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Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from Tuberculosis Patients in Basra, Iraq

Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (DR-MTB) is a major health threat to human beings. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and drug resistance profile of MTB. Data were collected from 2,296 newly diagnosed, and 246 retreated tuberculosis (TB) patients who attended the Advisory Clinic f...

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Autores principales: Mohammed, Khairallah A.S., Khudhair, Ghorob S., Al-Rabeai, Dheyaa Bekheet
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sciendo 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9252138/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35675816
http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2022-018
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author Mohammed, Khairallah A.S.
Khudhair, Ghorob S.
Al-Rabeai, Dheyaa Bekheet
author_facet Mohammed, Khairallah A.S.
Khudhair, Ghorob S.
Al-Rabeai, Dheyaa Bekheet
author_sort Mohammed, Khairallah A.S.
collection PubMed
description Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (DR-MTB) is a major health threat to human beings. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and drug resistance profile of MTB. Data were collected from 2,296 newly diagnosed, and 246 retreated tuberculosis (TB) patients who attended the Advisory Clinic for Chest Diseases and Respiratory in Basra province from January 2016 to December 2020. Both new diagnostic and retreated TB cases showed that DR-MTB cases were significantly higher at age 15–34 years, pulmonary TB, and urban residents but with no significant difference regarding gender. The drugs resistance was significantly higher among the retreated cases compared with the new diagnostic patients (20.3% vs. 2.4%, p < 0.0001), with the percentage of the resistance to first-line drugs in primary and secondary cases including isoniazid (1% and 17.1%), rifampicin (0.78% and 15.8%), ethambutol (0.56% and 8.5%), streptomycin (1.3% and 9.75%). Notice that the most common drug resistance was against streptomycin with 1.3% in new patients and against isoniazid (17.1%) in retreated patients. The rate of total drug-resistant TB, multi-drug resistant TB, mono-drug resistant TB, and rifampicin-resistant TB among new tuberculosis cases increased in this period from 2.2 to 6.7%, 0.17 to 1.6%, 0.85 to 4%, and 0.17 to 4%, with a percentage change of 204.54, 841.17, 370.58, 22.5%, respectively. The rates of poly drug-resistant TB and ethambutol-resistant-TB dropped in this period by 15.96%, and 0.7%, with a decrease from 1.19 to 1% and from 1 to 0.3%, respectively. Similarly, the increase of drug-resistant TB among secondary cases has also occurred. In conclusion, the temporal trend showed an increase in the rate of drug resistance of M. tuberculosis since 2016, with a predominant multi-drug-resistant TB and isoniazid-resistant TB.
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spelling pubmed-92521382022-07-18 Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from Tuberculosis Patients in Basra, Iraq Mohammed, Khairallah A.S. Khudhair, Ghorob S. Al-Rabeai, Dheyaa Bekheet Pol J Microbiol Original Paper Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (DR-MTB) is a major health threat to human beings. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and drug resistance profile of MTB. Data were collected from 2,296 newly diagnosed, and 246 retreated tuberculosis (TB) patients who attended the Advisory Clinic for Chest Diseases and Respiratory in Basra province from January 2016 to December 2020. Both new diagnostic and retreated TB cases showed that DR-MTB cases were significantly higher at age 15–34 years, pulmonary TB, and urban residents but with no significant difference regarding gender. The drugs resistance was significantly higher among the retreated cases compared with the new diagnostic patients (20.3% vs. 2.4%, p < 0.0001), with the percentage of the resistance to first-line drugs in primary and secondary cases including isoniazid (1% and 17.1%), rifampicin (0.78% and 15.8%), ethambutol (0.56% and 8.5%), streptomycin (1.3% and 9.75%). Notice that the most common drug resistance was against streptomycin with 1.3% in new patients and against isoniazid (17.1%) in retreated patients. The rate of total drug-resistant TB, multi-drug resistant TB, mono-drug resistant TB, and rifampicin-resistant TB among new tuberculosis cases increased in this period from 2.2 to 6.7%, 0.17 to 1.6%, 0.85 to 4%, and 0.17 to 4%, with a percentage change of 204.54, 841.17, 370.58, 22.5%, respectively. The rates of poly drug-resistant TB and ethambutol-resistant-TB dropped in this period by 15.96%, and 0.7%, with a decrease from 1.19 to 1% and from 1 to 0.3%, respectively. Similarly, the increase of drug-resistant TB among secondary cases has also occurred. In conclusion, the temporal trend showed an increase in the rate of drug resistance of M. tuberculosis since 2016, with a predominant multi-drug-resistant TB and isoniazid-resistant TB. Sciendo 2022-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9252138/ /pubmed/35675816 http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2022-018 Text en © 2022 Khairallah A.S. Mohammed et al., published by Sciendo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Mohammed, Khairallah A.S.
Khudhair, Ghorob S.
Al-Rabeai, Dheyaa Bekheet
Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from Tuberculosis Patients in Basra, Iraq
title Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from Tuberculosis Patients in Basra, Iraq
title_full Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from Tuberculosis Patients in Basra, Iraq
title_fullStr Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from Tuberculosis Patients in Basra, Iraq
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from Tuberculosis Patients in Basra, Iraq
title_short Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from Tuberculosis Patients in Basra, Iraq
title_sort prevalence and drug resistance pattern of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from tuberculosis patients in basra, iraq
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9252138/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35675816
http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2022-018
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