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Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals

BACKGROUND: Multi-types COVID-19 vaccines have shown safety and efficacy against COVID-19 in adults. Although current guidelines encourage people living with HIV (PLWH) to take COVID-19 vaccines, whether their immune response to COVID-19 vaccines is distinct from HIV-free individuals is still unclea...

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Autores principales: Zou, Shi, Wu, Mengmeng, Ming, Fangzhao, Wu, Songjie, Guo, Wei, Marley, Gifty, Xing, Zhongyuan, Zhang, Zhiyue, Zeng, Minxia, Sun, Chao, Zhang, Jianfeng, Tang, Weiming, Liang, Ke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9253234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35791004
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12981-022-00459-y
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author Zou, Shi
Wu, Mengmeng
Ming, Fangzhao
Wu, Songjie
Guo, Wei
Marley, Gifty
Xing, Zhongyuan
Zhang, Zhiyue
Zeng, Minxia
Sun, Chao
Zhang, Jianfeng
Tang, Weiming
Liang, Ke
author_facet Zou, Shi
Wu, Mengmeng
Ming, Fangzhao
Wu, Songjie
Guo, Wei
Marley, Gifty
Xing, Zhongyuan
Zhang, Zhiyue
Zeng, Minxia
Sun, Chao
Zhang, Jianfeng
Tang, Weiming
Liang, Ke
author_sort Zou, Shi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Multi-types COVID-19 vaccines have shown safety and efficacy against COVID-19 in adults. Although current guidelines encourage people living with HIV (PLWH) to take COVID-19 vaccines, whether their immune response to COVID-19 vaccines is distinct from HIV-free individuals is still unclear. METHODS: Between March to June 2021, 48 PLWH and 40 HNC, aged 18 to 59 years, were enrolled in the study in Wuchang district of Wuhan city. All of them received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Sinopharm, WIBP-CorV, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd) at day 0 and the second dose at day 28. The primary safety outcome was the combined adverse reactions within 7 days after each injection. The primary immunogenicity outcomes were SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) responses by chemiluminescence and total specific IgM and IgG antibodies responses by ELISA and colloidal gold at baseline (day 0), day 14, day 28, day 42, and day 70. RESULTS: In total, the study included 46 PLWH and 38 HNC who finished 70 days’ follow-up. The frequency of adverse reactions to the first and second dose was not different between PLWH (30% and 11%) vs. HNC (32% and 24%). NAbs responses among PLWH peaked at day 70, while among HNC peaked at day 42. At day 42, the geometric mean concentration (GMC) and seroconversion rate of nAbs among PLWH were 4.46 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL (95% CI 3.18–5.87) and 26% (95% CI 14–41), which were lower than that among HNC [GMC (18.28 BAU/mL, 95% CI 10.33–32.33), seroconversion rate (63%, 95% CI 44–79)]. IgG responses among both PLWH and HNC peaked at day 70. At day 70, the geometric mean ELISA units (GMEU) and seroconversion rate of IgG among PLWH were 0.193 ELISA units (EU)/mL (95% CI 0.119–0.313) and 51% (95% CI 34–69), which was lower than that among HNC [GMEU (0.379 EU/mL, 95% CI 0.224–0.653), seroconversion rate (86%, 95% CI 64–97)]. There were no serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Early humoral immune response to the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was weaker and delayed among the PLWH population than that among HNC. This observation remained consistent regardless of a high CD4 count with effective antiretroviral therapy. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12981-022-00459-y.
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spelling pubmed-92532342022-07-05 Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals Zou, Shi Wu, Mengmeng Ming, Fangzhao Wu, Songjie Guo, Wei Marley, Gifty Xing, Zhongyuan Zhang, Zhiyue Zeng, Minxia Sun, Chao Zhang, Jianfeng Tang, Weiming Liang, Ke AIDS Res Ther Research BACKGROUND: Multi-types COVID-19 vaccines have shown safety and efficacy against COVID-19 in adults. Although current guidelines encourage people living with HIV (PLWH) to take COVID-19 vaccines, whether their immune response to COVID-19 vaccines is distinct from HIV-free individuals is still unclear. METHODS: Between March to June 2021, 48 PLWH and 40 HNC, aged 18 to 59 years, were enrolled in the study in Wuchang district of Wuhan city. All of them received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Sinopharm, WIBP-CorV, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd) at day 0 and the second dose at day 28. The primary safety outcome was the combined adverse reactions within 7 days after each injection. The primary immunogenicity outcomes were SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) responses by chemiluminescence and total specific IgM and IgG antibodies responses by ELISA and colloidal gold at baseline (day 0), day 14, day 28, day 42, and day 70. RESULTS: In total, the study included 46 PLWH and 38 HNC who finished 70 days’ follow-up. The frequency of adverse reactions to the first and second dose was not different between PLWH (30% and 11%) vs. HNC (32% and 24%). NAbs responses among PLWH peaked at day 70, while among HNC peaked at day 42. At day 42, the geometric mean concentration (GMC) and seroconversion rate of nAbs among PLWH were 4.46 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL (95% CI 3.18–5.87) and 26% (95% CI 14–41), which were lower than that among HNC [GMC (18.28 BAU/mL, 95% CI 10.33–32.33), seroconversion rate (63%, 95% CI 44–79)]. IgG responses among both PLWH and HNC peaked at day 70. At day 70, the geometric mean ELISA units (GMEU) and seroconversion rate of IgG among PLWH were 0.193 ELISA units (EU)/mL (95% CI 0.119–0.313) and 51% (95% CI 34–69), which was lower than that among HNC [GMEU (0.379 EU/mL, 95% CI 0.224–0.653), seroconversion rate (86%, 95% CI 64–97)]. There were no serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Early humoral immune response to the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was weaker and delayed among the PLWH population than that among HNC. This observation remained consistent regardless of a high CD4 count with effective antiretroviral therapy. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12981-022-00459-y. BioMed Central 2022-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9253234/ /pubmed/35791004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12981-022-00459-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Zou, Shi
Wu, Mengmeng
Ming, Fangzhao
Wu, Songjie
Guo, Wei
Marley, Gifty
Xing, Zhongyuan
Zhang, Zhiyue
Zeng, Minxia
Sun, Chao
Zhang, Jianfeng
Tang, Weiming
Liang, Ke
Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals
title Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals
title_full Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals
title_fullStr Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals
title_full_unstemmed Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals
title_short Immune response and safety to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with HIV and HIV-naive individuals
title_sort immune response and safety to inactivated covid-19 vaccine: a comparison between people living with hiv and hiv-naive individuals
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9253234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35791004
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12981-022-00459-y
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