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Establishment of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Porcine Circovirus-Like Virus and the First Evidence of Its Spread to Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China

Porcine Circovirus-like (PCL) virus, a new emerging virus, has been widely detected in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Anhui provinces in China, which may be a novel agent causing severe diarrhea in newborn piglets and tending to spread widely. Evidence suggests that the virus is related to hemorrhagic ente...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Leyi, Zhang, Xinming, Xu, Ge, Wang, Lin, Liu, Xianhui, Zhang, Pengfei, Wang, Shuangyun, Liang, Tairun, Wang, Zhipeng, Liu, Yanling, Xu, Zheng, Li, Zan, Huang, Guojun, Song, Changxu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9253630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35799839
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.853761
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author Zhang, Leyi
Zhang, Xinming
Xu, Ge
Wang, Lin
Liu, Xianhui
Zhang, Pengfei
Wang, Shuangyun
Liang, Tairun
Wang, Zhipeng
Liu, Yanling
Xu, Zheng
Li, Zan
Huang, Guojun
Song, Changxu
author_facet Zhang, Leyi
Zhang, Xinming
Xu, Ge
Wang, Lin
Liu, Xianhui
Zhang, Pengfei
Wang, Shuangyun
Liang, Tairun
Wang, Zhipeng
Liu, Yanling
Xu, Zheng
Li, Zan
Huang, Guojun
Song, Changxu
author_sort Zhang, Leyi
collection PubMed
description Porcine Circovirus-like (PCL) virus, a new emerging virus, has been widely detected in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Anhui provinces in China, which may be a novel agent causing severe diarrhea in newborn piglets and tending to spread widely. Evidence suggests that the virus is related to hemorrhagic enteritis and diarrhea, and many newborn piglets were emaciated to death after infection. Therefore, a sensitive, quick, and accurate detection system for virus detection and epidemiological investigation is necessary. In this study, we developed a real-time quantitative PCR assay based on SYBR green for the detection of PCL virus. The ORF4 conserved region of PCL virus was found by the alignment of the uploaded genome sequences to design specific primers, and the primers were tested and showed good specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Approximately, 138 fecal samples were obtained from diarrheal pigs in South China from June to December 2021. Approximately, 22.46% (31/138) of the samples and 40% (8/20) of the pig farms were positive for PCL virus, respectively, by using this method. Moreover, it is worth noting that the virus was first detected in Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China, which means that the virus may spread widely in China. Through evolutionary tree analysis and partial sequence comparison, there are some differences of virus genes in each province, suggesting that there is a risk of variation, and the four PCL virus strains showed a sequence similarity of 86.7%–87.8% for the rep gene and 92.2%–92.9% for the Rep protein, respectively, with Bo-Circo-like virus that is detected in bovine, which further demonstrates a close relationship between the two viruses that originated from different animals. In conclusion, our study provides a useful diagnostic approach to PCL virus detection and epidemiological inquiry. Meanwhile, the epidemic data using this real-time qPCR assay provide evidence for the widespread variations and epidemic of the virus in South China, and warn the appropriate measures for prevention, and control of porcine circovirus-like virus infection should be under consideration in pig production.
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spelling pubmed-92536302022-07-06 Establishment of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Porcine Circovirus-Like Virus and the First Evidence of Its Spread to Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China Zhang, Leyi Zhang, Xinming Xu, Ge Wang, Lin Liu, Xianhui Zhang, Pengfei Wang, Shuangyun Liang, Tairun Wang, Zhipeng Liu, Yanling Xu, Zheng Li, Zan Huang, Guojun Song, Changxu Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Porcine Circovirus-like (PCL) virus, a new emerging virus, has been widely detected in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Anhui provinces in China, which may be a novel agent causing severe diarrhea in newborn piglets and tending to spread widely. Evidence suggests that the virus is related to hemorrhagic enteritis and diarrhea, and many newborn piglets were emaciated to death after infection. Therefore, a sensitive, quick, and accurate detection system for virus detection and epidemiological investigation is necessary. In this study, we developed a real-time quantitative PCR assay based on SYBR green for the detection of PCL virus. The ORF4 conserved region of PCL virus was found by the alignment of the uploaded genome sequences to design specific primers, and the primers were tested and showed good specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Approximately, 138 fecal samples were obtained from diarrheal pigs in South China from June to December 2021. Approximately, 22.46% (31/138) of the samples and 40% (8/20) of the pig farms were positive for PCL virus, respectively, by using this method. Moreover, it is worth noting that the virus was first detected in Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China, which means that the virus may spread widely in China. Through evolutionary tree analysis and partial sequence comparison, there are some differences of virus genes in each province, suggesting that there is a risk of variation, and the four PCL virus strains showed a sequence similarity of 86.7%–87.8% for the rep gene and 92.2%–92.9% for the Rep protein, respectively, with Bo-Circo-like virus that is detected in bovine, which further demonstrates a close relationship between the two viruses that originated from different animals. In conclusion, our study provides a useful diagnostic approach to PCL virus detection and epidemiological inquiry. Meanwhile, the epidemic data using this real-time qPCR assay provide evidence for the widespread variations and epidemic of the virus in South China, and warn the appropriate measures for prevention, and control of porcine circovirus-like virus infection should be under consideration in pig production. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9253630/ /pubmed/35799839 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.853761 Text en Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Zhang, Xu, Wang, Liu, Zhang, Wang, Liang, Wang, Liu, Xu, Li, Huang and Song. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Zhang, Leyi
Zhang, Xinming
Xu, Ge
Wang, Lin
Liu, Xianhui
Zhang, Pengfei
Wang, Shuangyun
Liang, Tairun
Wang, Zhipeng
Liu, Yanling
Xu, Zheng
Li, Zan
Huang, Guojun
Song, Changxu
Establishment of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Porcine Circovirus-Like Virus and the First Evidence of Its Spread to Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China
title Establishment of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Porcine Circovirus-Like Virus and the First Evidence of Its Spread to Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China
title_full Establishment of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Porcine Circovirus-Like Virus and the First Evidence of Its Spread to Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China
title_fullStr Establishment of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Porcine Circovirus-Like Virus and the First Evidence of Its Spread to Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China
title_full_unstemmed Establishment of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Porcine Circovirus-Like Virus and the First Evidence of Its Spread to Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China
title_short Establishment of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Porcine Circovirus-Like Virus and the First Evidence of Its Spread to Hainan and Jiangxi Provinces of China
title_sort establishment of a real-time quantitative pcr assay for porcine circovirus-like virus and the first evidence of its spread to hainan and jiangxi provinces of china
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9253630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35799839
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.853761
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