Efficacy of Fenestration Decompression for the Treatment of Oral and Maxillofacial Cysts

BACKGROUND: Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for oral and maxillofacial cysts. Compared with open surgery that will bring more harm to patients, fenestration decompression, as a surgical method with good curative effects and little damage, has received increasing attention in the treatment of oral and maxillofacial cysts. METHODS: The clinical data of 135 patients with oral and maxillofacial cysts visited the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin between June 2019 and September 2021 were collected for retrospective analysis. Patients were assigned to two groups based on the treatment plan implemented: the control group (n = 64) treated with curettage of cysts and the observation group (n = 71) with fenestration decompression. Therapeutic efficacy parameters and surgical indicators were detected. Additionally, postoperative cyst, pain, complication rate, and recurrence, as well as life quality six months after treatment, were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: In comparison with the control group, the observation group was observed to have a higher total effective rate, less operation time, shorter hospital stays, and less intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.05). In addition, the shrinkage rate, shrinkage volume, and postoperative density of the cyst cavity were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group also outperformed the control group with lower postoperative VAS score, complication rate, and half-year recurrence rate (P < 0.05). Furthermore, significantly better life quality was determined in the observation group after half a year of treatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Fenestration decompression is highly effective in treating oral and maxillofacial cysts, contributing to fewer complications, markedly relieved symptoms, shorter hospitalization time, well-preserved facial nerves, and low recurrence rate in the later period, which is worthy of clinical promotion.