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Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine
BACKGROUND: About 50 years ago, Chinese Great Famine (CGF) affected the entire population in China, and its long-term influence on the offspring has attracted significant attention for research. However, information on possible metabolic differences between sexes is limited. This study explored whet...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9257182/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35811949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.913966 |
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author | Zhang, Yumeng Pu, Jianhong Ding, Yi Wu, Lei Yin, Yongxiang Sun, Mingya Gu, Ying Zhang, Daiyi Zhang, Ze Zheng, Qiutong He, Qinyuan Xu, Ting He, Yun Su, Hongyu Zhou, Xiuwen Li, Lingjun Ye, Yang Li, Jingyang Xu, Zhice |
author_facet | Zhang, Yumeng Pu, Jianhong Ding, Yi Wu, Lei Yin, Yongxiang Sun, Mingya Gu, Ying Zhang, Daiyi Zhang, Ze Zheng, Qiutong He, Qinyuan Xu, Ting He, Yun Su, Hongyu Zhou, Xiuwen Li, Lingjun Ye, Yang Li, Jingyang Xu, Zhice |
author_sort | Zhang, Yumeng |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: About 50 years ago, Chinese Great Famine (CGF) affected the entire population in China, and its long-term influence on the offspring has attracted significant attention for research. However, information on possible metabolic differences between sexes is limited. This study explored whether there might be sex differences in the risks of development of glucolipid metabolic dysfunction and fatty liver following prenatal exposure to CGF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 11,417 subjects around 55 years of age (6,661 women and 4,756 men). They were divided as the exposed group in which the fetal stage was in CGF, and the unexposed group included those born after CGF. Analysis focused on comparisons between sexes. RESULTS: Compared to the unexposed group, the BMI and triglyceride (P < 0.05) in men were higher in exposed group, while waist circumference and blood sugar (P < 0.05) in the exposed women were significantly higher. With the ages being properly balanced, the risks of glycolipid metabolic dysfunction were significantly higher in both men and women in the exposed than in the unexposed group (P < 0.001). Prenatal exposure to CGF significantly increased risks of abnormal BMI (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 2.305–2.93), blood sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.050–1.401), triglycerides (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.006–1.245), and fatty liver (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.121–1.390) in men, and increased risks of abnormal blood sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.024–1.689) and positive urine sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.062–6.211) in women. Height and body weight were either the same or higher in the exposed subjects compared with the unexposed ones, regardless of sexes. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to identify sex differences in the long-term effects of CGF on metabolism and fatty liver. Importance of the findings include the benefits of prescribing medicine for the early prevention of certain diseases for each sex before aging based on the differences revealed. This study also shows “catch-up growth” in the offspring prenatally exposed to CGF as possible mechanisms underlying the long-term effects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9257182 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92571822022-07-07 Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine Zhang, Yumeng Pu, Jianhong Ding, Yi Wu, Lei Yin, Yongxiang Sun, Mingya Gu, Ying Zhang, Daiyi Zhang, Ze Zheng, Qiutong He, Qinyuan Xu, Ting He, Yun Su, Hongyu Zhou, Xiuwen Li, Lingjun Ye, Yang Li, Jingyang Xu, Zhice Front Nutr Nutrition BACKGROUND: About 50 years ago, Chinese Great Famine (CGF) affected the entire population in China, and its long-term influence on the offspring has attracted significant attention for research. However, information on possible metabolic differences between sexes is limited. This study explored whether there might be sex differences in the risks of development of glucolipid metabolic dysfunction and fatty liver following prenatal exposure to CGF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 11,417 subjects around 55 years of age (6,661 women and 4,756 men). They were divided as the exposed group in which the fetal stage was in CGF, and the unexposed group included those born after CGF. Analysis focused on comparisons between sexes. RESULTS: Compared to the unexposed group, the BMI and triglyceride (P < 0.05) in men were higher in exposed group, while waist circumference and blood sugar (P < 0.05) in the exposed women were significantly higher. With the ages being properly balanced, the risks of glycolipid metabolic dysfunction were significantly higher in both men and women in the exposed than in the unexposed group (P < 0.001). Prenatal exposure to CGF significantly increased risks of abnormal BMI (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 2.305–2.93), blood sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.050–1.401), triglycerides (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.006–1.245), and fatty liver (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.121–1.390) in men, and increased risks of abnormal blood sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.024–1.689) and positive urine sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.062–6.211) in women. Height and body weight were either the same or higher in the exposed subjects compared with the unexposed ones, regardless of sexes. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to identify sex differences in the long-term effects of CGF on metabolism and fatty liver. Importance of the findings include the benefits of prescribing medicine for the early prevention of certain diseases for each sex before aging based on the differences revealed. This study also shows “catch-up growth” in the offspring prenatally exposed to CGF as possible mechanisms underlying the long-term effects. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9257182/ /pubmed/35811949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.913966 Text en Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Pu, Ding, Wu, Yin, Sun, Gu, Zhang, Zhang, Zheng, He, Xu, He, Su, Zhou, Li, Ye, Li and Xu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition Zhang, Yumeng Pu, Jianhong Ding, Yi Wu, Lei Yin, Yongxiang Sun, Mingya Gu, Ying Zhang, Daiyi Zhang, Ze Zheng, Qiutong He, Qinyuan Xu, Ting He, Yun Su, Hongyu Zhou, Xiuwen Li, Lingjun Ye, Yang Li, Jingyang Xu, Zhice Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine |
title | Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine |
title_full | Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine |
title_fullStr | Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine |
title_full_unstemmed | Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine |
title_short | Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine |
title_sort | sex differences at early old stage in glycolipid metabolism and fatty liver in offspring prenatally exposed to chinese great famine |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9257182/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35811949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.913966 |
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