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Factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Free State province, South Africa

BACKGROUND: In 2019, about 1.7 million adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 years were living with HIV worldwide, of which 170 000 were newly infected with HIV in 2019. South Africa has the highest number of persons living with HIV. Although there has been major improvement in access to antiret...

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Autores principales: Elashi, Balsam A.Y., van Wyk, Brian E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AOSIS 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9257832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35923610
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v23i1.1356
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author Elashi, Balsam A.Y.
van Wyk, Brian E.
author_facet Elashi, Balsam A.Y.
van Wyk, Brian E.
author_sort Elashi, Balsam A.Y.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In 2019, about 1.7 million adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 years were living with HIV worldwide, of which 170 000 were newly infected with HIV in 2019. South Africa has the highest number of persons living with HIV. Although there has been major improvement in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), it is still unclear what proportion of adolescents (aged 10–19 years) are virally suppressed in the provinces of South Africa. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of and the factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents (10–19 years) on ART in the Thabo Mofutsanyane District Municipality of the Free State province of South Africa. METHOD: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of demographic, clinical and treatment-related information that were extracted from an electronic database was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. RESULTS: The median duration on ART was 6.58 years. Although 78% (n = 4520) of adolescents living with HIV who were on ART achieved viral suppression (< 1000 copies/mL), only 9.5% (n = 430) were fully suppressed at < 50 copies/mL. In multivariate analysis, the odds of being virally suppressed reduced with increasing age at ART initiation. Adolescents with CD4 counts greater than 500 cells/mm(3) at baseline had a higher odds ratio of viral suppression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.77; confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–2.47). The odds of viral suppression were significantly lower among those not retained in care (AOR: 0.45; CI: 0.35–0.58). CONCLUSION: Tailored interventions should be developed to improve viral suppression among adolescents on ART.
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spelling pubmed-92578322022-08-02 Factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Free State province, South Africa Elashi, Balsam A.Y. van Wyk, Brian E. South Afr J HIV Med Original Research BACKGROUND: In 2019, about 1.7 million adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 years were living with HIV worldwide, of which 170 000 were newly infected with HIV in 2019. South Africa has the highest number of persons living with HIV. Although there has been major improvement in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), it is still unclear what proportion of adolescents (aged 10–19 years) are virally suppressed in the provinces of South Africa. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of and the factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents (10–19 years) on ART in the Thabo Mofutsanyane District Municipality of the Free State province of South Africa. METHOD: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of demographic, clinical and treatment-related information that were extracted from an electronic database was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. RESULTS: The median duration on ART was 6.58 years. Although 78% (n = 4520) of adolescents living with HIV who were on ART achieved viral suppression (< 1000 copies/mL), only 9.5% (n = 430) were fully suppressed at < 50 copies/mL. In multivariate analysis, the odds of being virally suppressed reduced with increasing age at ART initiation. Adolescents with CD4 counts greater than 500 cells/mm(3) at baseline had a higher odds ratio of viral suppression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.77; confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–2.47). The odds of viral suppression were significantly lower among those not retained in care (AOR: 0.45; CI: 0.35–0.58). CONCLUSION: Tailored interventions should be developed to improve viral suppression among adolescents on ART. AOSIS 2022-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9257832/ /pubmed/35923610 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v23i1.1356 Text en © 2022. The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee: AOSIS. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
spellingShingle Original Research
Elashi, Balsam A.Y.
van Wyk, Brian E.
Factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Free State province, South Africa
title Factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Free State province, South Africa
title_full Factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Free State province, South Africa
title_fullStr Factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Free State province, South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Free State province, South Africa
title_short Factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Free State province, South Africa
title_sort factors associated with viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in free state province, south africa
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9257832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35923610
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v23i1.1356
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