Intestinal perforation with abdominal abscess caused by extramedullary plasmacytoma of small intestine: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND: Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) of the gastrointestinal tract is an extremely rare disease. Clinical manifestations of EMPs are varied and depend on the location and progression of the tumor. CASE SUMMARY: Here, we firstly report a case of intestinal perforation with abdominal abscess caused by EMP of the small intestine in a 55-year-old female patient. The patient received emergency surgery immediately after the necessary preoperative procedures. During the operation, EMP was found to have caused the perforation of the small intestine and the formation of multiple abscesses in the abdominal cavity. Partial resection of the small intestine with peritoneal irrigation and drainage was performed. EMP was finally confirmed by postoperative histopathology and laboratory tests. Additionally, we performed a literature review of gastrointestinal EMP to obtain a deeper understanding of this disease. CONCLUSION: EMP of the small intestine may have spontaneous perforation, which requires emergency surgery. Surgical resection can obtain good therapeutic effects.