Allogeneic stem cell transplantation-A curative treatment for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with PIGT mutation: A case report

BACKGROUND: Patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) have a clonal population of blood cells deficient in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) proteins, most of the time resulting from a mutation in the X-linked gene PIGA. We report a patient with PNH resulting from a rare biallelic PIGT mutation on chromosome 20. CASE SUMMARY: A 47-year-old man was referred to our hospital for febrile pancytopenia. The patient reported a history of recurrent urticaria and arthralgia and he presented during 3 mo recurrent acute dermo-hypodermitis and aseptic meningitidis. Based on clinical cases published with PIGT-PNH, with clinically typical PNH and autoinflammatory symptoms, we treated our patients with repeated infusions of eculizumab to decrease autoinflammatory symptoms and then we performed an allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) with a mismatched unrelated donor. Our patient experienced no acute Graft vs Host disease (GvHD) and a moderate chronic GvHD and is now considered cured at 24 mo after allo-SCT. CONCLUSION: This case report suggests that allo-SCT should be considered to cure PIGT-PNH patients.