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Demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps
PURPOSE: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common type of diabetes in children, but the frequency of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing rapidly. Classification of diabetes is based on a constellation of features that vary by type. We aimed to compare demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteri...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9260368/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34634866 http://dx.doi.org/10.6065/apem.2142170.085 |
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author | Nieto, Teresa Castillo, Beatriz Nieto, Jacobo Redondo, Maria J. |
author_facet | Nieto, Teresa Castillo, Beatriz Nieto, Jacobo Redondo, Maria J. |
author_sort | Nieto, Teresa |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common type of diabetes in children, but the frequency of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing rapidly. Classification of diabetes is based on a constellation of features that vary by type. We aimed to compare demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics at diagnosis of pediatric T1D and T2D. METHODS: We studied children who visited a large academic hospital in Houston, Texas (USA) with a new diagnosis of T2D (n=753) or T1D (n=758). We compared age, sex, race/ethnicity, presence of obesity, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, islet autoantibody positivity, C-peptide, and presence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diabetes diagnosis. RESULTS: At diagnosis, children with T2D, compared with those with T1D, were older (13.6 years vs. 9.7 years), more likely female (63.2% vs. 47.8%), of racial/ethnic minority (91.1% vs. 42.3%), and obese (90.9% vs. 19.4%) and were less likely to have DKA (7.8% vs. 35.0%) and diabetes autoantibodies (5.5% vs. 95.4%). Children with T2D also had significantly lower glucose, lower hemoglobin A1c and lower C-peptide level (all comparisons, P<0.0001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, older age, racial/ethnic minority, obesity, higher C-peptide, and negative islet autoantibodies were independently associated with T2D (all, P<0.05), while sex, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and DKA were not (model P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: There are important demographic, clinical, and laboratory differences between T1D and T2D in children. However, none of the characteristics were unique to either diabetes type, which poses challenges to diabetes classification at diagnosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9260368 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92603682022-07-20 Demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps Nieto, Teresa Castillo, Beatriz Nieto, Jacobo Redondo, Maria J. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab Original Article PURPOSE: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common type of diabetes in children, but the frequency of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing rapidly. Classification of diabetes is based on a constellation of features that vary by type. We aimed to compare demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics at diagnosis of pediatric T1D and T2D. METHODS: We studied children who visited a large academic hospital in Houston, Texas (USA) with a new diagnosis of T2D (n=753) or T1D (n=758). We compared age, sex, race/ethnicity, presence of obesity, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, islet autoantibody positivity, C-peptide, and presence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diabetes diagnosis. RESULTS: At diagnosis, children with T2D, compared with those with T1D, were older (13.6 years vs. 9.7 years), more likely female (63.2% vs. 47.8%), of racial/ethnic minority (91.1% vs. 42.3%), and obese (90.9% vs. 19.4%) and were less likely to have DKA (7.8% vs. 35.0%) and diabetes autoantibodies (5.5% vs. 95.4%). Children with T2D also had significantly lower glucose, lower hemoglobin A1c and lower C-peptide level (all comparisons, P<0.0001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, older age, racial/ethnic minority, obesity, higher C-peptide, and negative islet autoantibodies were independently associated with T2D (all, P<0.05), while sex, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and DKA were not (model P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: There are important demographic, clinical, and laboratory differences between T1D and T2D in children. However, none of the characteristics were unique to either diabetes type, which poses challenges to diabetes classification at diagnosis. Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology 2022-06 2021-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9260368/ /pubmed/34634866 http://dx.doi.org/10.6065/apem.2142170.085 Text en © 2022 Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Nieto, Teresa Castillo, Beatriz Nieto, Jacobo Redondo, Maria J. Demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps |
title | Demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps |
title_full | Demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps |
title_fullStr | Demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps |
title_full_unstemmed | Demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps |
title_short | Demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps |
title_sort | demographic and diagnostic markers in new onset pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes: differences and overlaps |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9260368/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34634866 http://dx.doi.org/10.6065/apem.2142170.085 |
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