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Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game

Immunotherapies are a major breakthrough in oncology, yielding unprecedented response rates for some cancers. Especially in combination with conventional treatments or targeted agents, immunotherapeutics offer invaluable tools to improve outcomes for many patients. However, why not all patients have...

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Autores principales: Bekker, Rebecca A, Zahid, Mohammad U, Binning, Jennifer M, Spring, Bryan Q, Hwu, Patrick, Pilon-Thomas, Shari, Enderling, Heiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9260835/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35793871
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-005107
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author Bekker, Rebecca A
Zahid, Mohammad U
Binning, Jennifer M
Spring, Bryan Q
Hwu, Patrick
Pilon-Thomas, Shari
Enderling, Heiko
author_facet Bekker, Rebecca A
Zahid, Mohammad U
Binning, Jennifer M
Spring, Bryan Q
Hwu, Patrick
Pilon-Thomas, Shari
Enderling, Heiko
author_sort Bekker, Rebecca A
collection PubMed
description Immunotherapies are a major breakthrough in oncology, yielding unprecedented response rates for some cancers. Especially in combination with conventional treatments or targeted agents, immunotherapeutics offer invaluable tools to improve outcomes for many patients. However, why not all patients have a favorable response remains unclear. There is an increasing appreciation of the contributions of the complex tumor microenvironment, and the tumor-immune ecosystem in particular, to treatment outcome. To date, however, there exists no immune biomarker to explain why two patients with similar clinical stage and molecular profile would have different treatment outcomes. We hypothesize that it is critical to understand both the immune and tumor states to understand how the complex system will respond to treatment. Here, we present how integrated mathematical oncology approaches can help conceptualize the effect of various immunotherapies on a patient’s tumor and local immune environment, and how combinations of immunotherapy and cytotoxic therapy may be used to improve tumor response and control and limit toxicity on a per patient basis.
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spelling pubmed-92608352022-07-25 Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game Bekker, Rebecca A Zahid, Mohammad U Binning, Jennifer M Spring, Bryan Q Hwu, Patrick Pilon-Thomas, Shari Enderling, Heiko J Immunother Cancer Hypothesis Immunotherapies are a major breakthrough in oncology, yielding unprecedented response rates for some cancers. Especially in combination with conventional treatments or targeted agents, immunotherapeutics offer invaluable tools to improve outcomes for many patients. However, why not all patients have a favorable response remains unclear. There is an increasing appreciation of the contributions of the complex tumor microenvironment, and the tumor-immune ecosystem in particular, to treatment outcome. To date, however, there exists no immune biomarker to explain why two patients with similar clinical stage and molecular profile would have different treatment outcomes. We hypothesize that it is critical to understand both the immune and tumor states to understand how the complex system will respond to treatment. Here, we present how integrated mathematical oncology approaches can help conceptualize the effect of various immunotherapies on a patient’s tumor and local immune environment, and how combinations of immunotherapy and cytotoxic therapy may be used to improve tumor response and control and limit toxicity on a per patient basis. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9260835/ /pubmed/35793871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-005107 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Hypothesis
Bekker, Rebecca A
Zahid, Mohammad U
Binning, Jennifer M
Spring, Bryan Q
Hwu, Patrick
Pilon-Thomas, Shari
Enderling, Heiko
Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game
title Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game
title_full Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game
title_fullStr Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game
title_full_unstemmed Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game
title_short Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game
title_sort rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game
topic Hypothesis
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9260835/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35793871
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-005107
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