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Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game
Immunotherapies are a major breakthrough in oncology, yielding unprecedented response rates for some cancers. Especially in combination with conventional treatments or targeted agents, immunotherapeutics offer invaluable tools to improve outcomes for many patients. However, why not all patients have...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9260835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35793871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-005107 |
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author | Bekker, Rebecca A Zahid, Mohammad U Binning, Jennifer M Spring, Bryan Q Hwu, Patrick Pilon-Thomas, Shari Enderling, Heiko |
author_facet | Bekker, Rebecca A Zahid, Mohammad U Binning, Jennifer M Spring, Bryan Q Hwu, Patrick Pilon-Thomas, Shari Enderling, Heiko |
author_sort | Bekker, Rebecca A |
collection | PubMed |
description | Immunotherapies are a major breakthrough in oncology, yielding unprecedented response rates for some cancers. Especially in combination with conventional treatments or targeted agents, immunotherapeutics offer invaluable tools to improve outcomes for many patients. However, why not all patients have a favorable response remains unclear. There is an increasing appreciation of the contributions of the complex tumor microenvironment, and the tumor-immune ecosystem in particular, to treatment outcome. To date, however, there exists no immune biomarker to explain why two patients with similar clinical stage and molecular profile would have different treatment outcomes. We hypothesize that it is critical to understand both the immune and tumor states to understand how the complex system will respond to treatment. Here, we present how integrated mathematical oncology approaches can help conceptualize the effect of various immunotherapies on a patient’s tumor and local immune environment, and how combinations of immunotherapy and cytotoxic therapy may be used to improve tumor response and control and limit toxicity on a per patient basis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9260835 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92608352022-07-25 Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game Bekker, Rebecca A Zahid, Mohammad U Binning, Jennifer M Spring, Bryan Q Hwu, Patrick Pilon-Thomas, Shari Enderling, Heiko J Immunother Cancer Hypothesis Immunotherapies are a major breakthrough in oncology, yielding unprecedented response rates for some cancers. Especially in combination with conventional treatments or targeted agents, immunotherapeutics offer invaluable tools to improve outcomes for many patients. However, why not all patients have a favorable response remains unclear. There is an increasing appreciation of the contributions of the complex tumor microenvironment, and the tumor-immune ecosystem in particular, to treatment outcome. To date, however, there exists no immune biomarker to explain why two patients with similar clinical stage and molecular profile would have different treatment outcomes. We hypothesize that it is critical to understand both the immune and tumor states to understand how the complex system will respond to treatment. Here, we present how integrated mathematical oncology approaches can help conceptualize the effect of various immunotherapies on a patient’s tumor and local immune environment, and how combinations of immunotherapy and cytotoxic therapy may be used to improve tumor response and control and limit toxicity on a per patient basis. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9260835/ /pubmed/35793871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-005107 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Hypothesis Bekker, Rebecca A Zahid, Mohammad U Binning, Jennifer M Spring, Bryan Q Hwu, Patrick Pilon-Thomas, Shari Enderling, Heiko Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game |
title | Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game |
title_full | Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game |
title_fullStr | Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game |
title_full_unstemmed | Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game |
title_short | Rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game |
title_sort | rethinking the immunotherapy numbers game |
topic | Hypothesis |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9260835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35793871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-005107 |
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