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Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly
An optimal immune response requires the appropriate interaction between the innate and the adaptive arms of the immune system as well as a proper balance of activation and regulation. After decades of life, the aging immune system is continuously exposed to immune stressors and inflammatory assaults...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9261323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35821823 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2022.840827 |
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author | Shive, Carey Pandiyan, Pushpa |
author_facet | Shive, Carey Pandiyan, Pushpa |
author_sort | Shive, Carey |
collection | PubMed |
description | An optimal immune response requires the appropriate interaction between the innate and the adaptive arms of the immune system as well as a proper balance of activation and regulation. After decades of life, the aging immune system is continuously exposed to immune stressors and inflammatory assaults that lead to immune senescence. In this review, we will discuss inflammaging in the elderly, specifically concentrating on IL-6 and IL-1b in the context of T lymphocytes, and how inflammation is related to mortality and morbidities, specifically cardiovascular disease and cancer. Although a number of studies suggests that the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-b is elevated in the elderly, heightened inflammation persists. Thus, the regulation of the immune response and the ability to return the immune system to homeostasis is also important. Therefore, we will discuss cellular alterations in aging, concentrating on senescent T cells and CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in aging |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9261323 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92613232022-07-11 Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly Shive, Carey Pandiyan, Pushpa Front Aging Aging An optimal immune response requires the appropriate interaction between the innate and the adaptive arms of the immune system as well as a proper balance of activation and regulation. After decades of life, the aging immune system is continuously exposed to immune stressors and inflammatory assaults that lead to immune senescence. In this review, we will discuss inflammaging in the elderly, specifically concentrating on IL-6 and IL-1b in the context of T lymphocytes, and how inflammation is related to mortality and morbidities, specifically cardiovascular disease and cancer. Although a number of studies suggests that the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-b is elevated in the elderly, heightened inflammation persists. Thus, the regulation of the immune response and the ability to return the immune system to homeostasis is also important. Therefore, we will discuss cellular alterations in aging, concentrating on senescent T cells and CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in aging Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9261323/ /pubmed/35821823 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2022.840827 Text en Copyright © 2022 Shive and Pandiyan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Aging Shive, Carey Pandiyan, Pushpa Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly |
title | Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly |
title_full | Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly |
title_fullStr | Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly |
title_full_unstemmed | Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly |
title_short | Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly |
title_sort | inflammation, immune senescence, and dysregulated immune regulation in the elderly |
topic | Aging |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9261323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35821823 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2022.840827 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT shivecarey inflammationimmunesenescenceanddysregulatedimmuneregulationintheelderly AT pandiyanpushpa inflammationimmunesenescenceanddysregulatedimmuneregulationintheelderly |