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Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) includes multiple diseases that share as common characteristic an elevated pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular involvement. Sex differences are observed in practically all causes of PH. The most studied type is pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) which prese...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9261364/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35822006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2021.727558 |
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author | Rodriguez-Arias, Juan José García-Álvarez, Ana |
author_facet | Rodriguez-Arias, Juan José García-Álvarez, Ana |
author_sort | Rodriguez-Arias, Juan José |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pulmonary hypertension (PH) includes multiple diseases that share as common characteristic an elevated pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular involvement. Sex differences are observed in practically all causes of PH. The most studied type is pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) which presents a gender bias regarding its prevalence, prognosis, and response to treatment. Although this disease is more frequent in women, once affected they present a better prognosis compared to men. Even if estrogens seem to be the key to understand these differences, animal models have shown contradictory results leading to the birth of the estrogen paradox. In this review we will summarize the evidence regarding sex differences in experimental animal models and, very specially, in patients suffering from PAH or PH from other etiologies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9261364 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92613642022-07-11 Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension Rodriguez-Arias, Juan José García-Álvarez, Ana Front Aging Aging Pulmonary hypertension (PH) includes multiple diseases that share as common characteristic an elevated pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular involvement. Sex differences are observed in practically all causes of PH. The most studied type is pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) which presents a gender bias regarding its prevalence, prognosis, and response to treatment. Although this disease is more frequent in women, once affected they present a better prognosis compared to men. Even if estrogens seem to be the key to understand these differences, animal models have shown contradictory results leading to the birth of the estrogen paradox. In this review we will summarize the evidence regarding sex differences in experimental animal models and, very specially, in patients suffering from PAH or PH from other etiologies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9261364/ /pubmed/35822006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2021.727558 Text en Copyright © 2021 Rodriguez-Arias and García-Álvarez. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Aging Rodriguez-Arias, Juan José García-Álvarez, Ana Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension |
title | Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension |
title_full | Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension |
title_fullStr | Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension |
title_full_unstemmed | Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension |
title_short | Sex Differences in Pulmonary Hypertension |
title_sort | sex differences in pulmonary hypertension |
topic | Aging |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9261364/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35822006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2021.727558 |
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