Cargando…

Quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology

BACKGROUND: Facial symmetry is becoming increasingly important in today's orthodontic treatment. But the asymmetrical boundary is not clearly demarcated. Stereophotogrammetry has a clear advantage in measuring facial asymmetry. The aim of this study was to quantify the facial asymmetry by three...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wu, Zhouqiang, Gao, Xiaolei, Long, Hu, Lai, Wenli
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9264625/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35799192
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02315-x
_version_ 1784743003444740096
author Wu, Zhouqiang
Gao, Xiaolei
Long, Hu
Lai, Wenli
author_facet Wu, Zhouqiang
Gao, Xiaolei
Long, Hu
Lai, Wenli
author_sort Wu, Zhouqiang
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Facial symmetry is becoming increasingly important in today's orthodontic treatment. But the asymmetrical boundary is not clearly demarcated. Stereophotogrammetry has a clear advantage in measuring facial asymmetry. The aim of this study was to quantify the facial asymmetry by three-dimensional (3D) technology as well as to study whether the evaluation by non-experts about facial asymmetry was consistent with the analysis by 3D technology. METHODS: The facial symmetry of 330 patients was evaluated by 10 non-experts. 3D facial images were taken using 3dMD stereophotogrammetry equipment. The original face and its mirror shell were divided into 7 regions and the surface matching was measured in the whole face and all regional areas. The degree of symmetry was calculated by the software 3-matic STL 9.0. The difference between the two groups was analyzed by Independent-Samples T Test and the diagnostic efficiency of symmetry degree was analyzed by ROC curve analysis. The consistency between the symmetric degree and the result of evaluation was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: The ROC analysis revealed significant diagnostic values in the determination of the facial asymmetry of lip, chin, cheek and lateral mandible areas. The cut-off values of symmetry degree were between 60 and 80%. The evaluation was middle correlation with the symmetric degree of the whole face. CONCLUSIONS: The chin and lateral mandible contribute most significantly to the facial symmetry. The objective measurement of facial symmetry, 3D technology, is reliable.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9264625
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-92646252022-07-09 Quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology Wu, Zhouqiang Gao, Xiaolei Long, Hu Lai, Wenli BMC Oral Health Research BACKGROUND: Facial symmetry is becoming increasingly important in today's orthodontic treatment. But the asymmetrical boundary is not clearly demarcated. Stereophotogrammetry has a clear advantage in measuring facial asymmetry. The aim of this study was to quantify the facial asymmetry by three-dimensional (3D) technology as well as to study whether the evaluation by non-experts about facial asymmetry was consistent with the analysis by 3D technology. METHODS: The facial symmetry of 330 patients was evaluated by 10 non-experts. 3D facial images were taken using 3dMD stereophotogrammetry equipment. The original face and its mirror shell were divided into 7 regions and the surface matching was measured in the whole face and all regional areas. The degree of symmetry was calculated by the software 3-matic STL 9.0. The difference between the two groups was analyzed by Independent-Samples T Test and the diagnostic efficiency of symmetry degree was analyzed by ROC curve analysis. The consistency between the symmetric degree and the result of evaluation was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: The ROC analysis revealed significant diagnostic values in the determination of the facial asymmetry of lip, chin, cheek and lateral mandible areas. The cut-off values of symmetry degree were between 60 and 80%. The evaluation was middle correlation with the symmetric degree of the whole face. CONCLUSIONS: The chin and lateral mandible contribute most significantly to the facial symmetry. The objective measurement of facial symmetry, 3D technology, is reliable. BioMed Central 2022-07-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9264625/ /pubmed/35799192 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02315-x Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Wu, Zhouqiang
Gao, Xiaolei
Long, Hu
Lai, Wenli
Quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology
title Quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology
title_full Quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology
title_fullStr Quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology
title_full_unstemmed Quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology
title_short Quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology
title_sort quantitative analysis of facial symmetry by using three-dimensional technology
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9264625/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35799192
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02315-x
work_keys_str_mv AT wuzhouqiang quantitativeanalysisoffacialsymmetrybyusingthreedimensionaltechnology
AT gaoxiaolei quantitativeanalysisoffacialsymmetrybyusingthreedimensionaltechnology
AT longhu quantitativeanalysisoffacialsymmetrybyusingthreedimensionaltechnology
AT laiwenli quantitativeanalysisoffacialsymmetrybyusingthreedimensionaltechnology